9: Tahna
Taṇhāvaggo
manujassa pramattacāriṇo I count
sā prāplavate hurāhuraṁ phalameṣī va vanamhi vānnaro The first four verses (with a different last line in the fourth verse) also occur in this sequence in both Dhammapada, and in the Theragāthā, vv. 399 - 402 (Māluṅkaputta’s verses). ||
manujassa pamattacārino taṇhā vaḍḍhati māluvā viya,
so palavatī hurāhuraṁ phalam icchaṁ va vanasmi' In the text niggahīta is lost m.c. to give the normal cadence, it would have been better to read
yaṁ cesā sahate jaṁmī tahnā loke duraccayā |
śokā tassa pravaddhaṁti ovaṭṭhā beruṇā iva ||
yaṁ esā sahatī jammī taṇhā loke visattikā
sokā tassa pavaḍḍhanti abhivaṭṭhaṁ va bīraṇaṁ.
yo cetāṁ sahate jaṁmiṁ tahnāṁ loke duraccayāṁ |
śokā tassa vivaṭṭanti The verb in Patna here doesn't seem very appropriate. udabindū va pukkhare ||
yo cetaṁ sahatī jammiṁ taṇhaṁ loke duraccayaṁ
sokā tamhā papatanti udabindu va pokkharā.
[140 a-d ≈ Dhp 337a-d; for ef cf. 216cd]
taṁ vo vademi bhadraṁ vo yāvaṁt-ittha samāgatā |
tahnāṁ samūlāṁ khaṇatha uṣīrātthī va beruṇiṁ |
tahnāya khatamūlāya nāsti śokā kato bhayaṁ ||
taṁ vo vadāmi bhaddaṁ vo yāvantettha samāgatā,
taṇhāya mūlaṁ khaṇatha usīrattho va bīraṇaṁ,
mā vo naḷaṁ va soto va māro bhañji punappunaṁ.
————
taṇhāya jāyatī soko taṇhāya jāyatī bhayaṁ,
taṇhāya vippamuttassa natthi soko kuto bhayaṁ.
tahnabitiyo The opening has light syllables in 2nd and 3rd positions. Although this is sometimes tolerated, it may be better to read:
etthabhāvaṁñathābhāvaṁ tattha tattha punappuno I can find no exact parallel to line d in the Pāḷi texts. ||
taṇhādutiyo puriso dīgham addhāna' saṁsaraṁ,
itthabhāvaññathābhāvaṁ saṁsāraṁ nātivattati.
etam ādīnavaṁ nyāttā tahnā dukkhassa saṁbhavaṁ |
vītatahno anādāno sato bhikkhū parivraje ||
evam ādīnavaṁ ñatvā taṇhaṁ dukkhassa saṁbhavaṁ,
vītataṇho anādāno sato bhikkhu paribbaje.
na taṁ dḍhaṁ bandhanam āhu dhīrā yad āyasaṁ dārujaṁ babbajaṁ vā |
sārattarattā maṇikuṇḍalesu putresu dāresu ca yā apekhā ||
na taṁ daḷhaṁ bandhanam āhu dhīrā yad āyasaṁ dārujaṁ pabbajañ ca,
sārattarattā maṇikuṇḍalesu puttesu dāresu ca yā apekhā.
etaṁ dḍhaṁ bandhanam āhu dhīrā ohārimaṁ sukhumaṁ dupramuñcaṁ |
etappi chettāna vrajanti I count
etaṁ daḷhaṁ bandhanam āhu dhīrā ohārinaṁ sithilaṁ duppamuñcaṁ,
etam pi chetvāna paribbajanti anapekkhino kāmasukhaṁ pahāya.
na kāhāpaṇavāsena ttrettī kāmesu vijjati |
appāssādā dukhā -
na kahāpaṇavassena titti kāmesu vijjati,
appassādā dukhā kāmā iti viññāya paṇḍito,
api divvesu kāmesu ratiṁ so nādhigacchati ||
tahnakkhayarato hoti saṁmasaṁbuddhasāvako Read:
api dibbesu kāmesu ratiṁ so nādhigacchati.
taṇhakkhayarato hoti sammāsambuddhasāvako.
vītatahno anādāno niruttīpadakovido |
akkharāṇāṁ sannipātena This line has 9 syllables, with no easy way to correct the metre, unless we follow the Pāḷi and write
sa ve antimaśārīro -
vītataṇho anādāno niruttipadakovido,
akkharānaṁ sannipātaṁ jaññā pubbaparāni ca,
sa ve antimasārīro mahāpañño (mahāpuriso) ti vuccati.
saritāni sinehitāni ca somanassāni This is the variant opening which sometimes appears in the Vaitālīya lines. bhavanti jantuno |
ye sātasitā sukheṣiṇo te ve jātijaropagā narā ||
saritāni sinehitāni ca sŏmanassāni bhavanti jantuno,
te sātasitā sukhesino te ve jātijarūpagā narā.
tahnāya purekkhaṭā prajā parisappanti śaśo va bādhito |
te saṁjotanasaṅgasattā Written in the text as
tasiṇāya purakkhatā pajā parisappanti saso va bādhito,
saṁyojanasaṅgasattakā dukkham upenti punappunaṁ cirāya.
muñca pure muñca pacchato majjhe muñca bhavassa pāragū |
sabbattha vimuttamānaso na puno jātijarām upehisi ||
muñca pure muñca pacchato majjhe muñca bhavassa pāragū,
sabbattha vimuttamānaso na punaṁ jātijaraṁ upehisi.
yo nivvanadho vanā tu mutto vanamutto vanam eva dhāvati |
taṁ puggalam etha paśśatha mutto bandhanam eva dhāvati ||
yo nibbanatho vanādhimutto vanamutto vanam eva dhāvati
taṁ puggalam etha passatha mutto bandhanam eva dhāvati.
ttriṇadoṣāṇi khettrāṇi rāgadoṣā ayaṁ prajā |
tassā hi vītarāgesu dinnaṁ hoti mahapphalaṁ This and the next two verses occur in the same order at the end of the Pāḷi
tiṇadosāni khettāni rāgadosā ayaṁ pajā,
tasmā hi vītarāgesu dinnaṁ hoti mahapphalaṁ.
ttriṇadoṣāṇi khettrāṇi doṣadoṣā ayaṁ prajā |
tassā hi vītadoṣesu dinnaṁ hoti mahapphalaṁ ||
tiṇadosāni khettāni dosadosā ayaṁ pajā,
tasmā hi vītadosesu dinnaṁ hoti mahapphalaṁ.
ttriṇadoṣāṇi khettrāṇi mohadoṣā ayaṁ prajā |
tassā hi vītamohesu dinnaṁ hoti mahapphalaṁ ||
tiṇadosāni khettāni mohadosā ayaṁ pajā,
tasmā hi vītamohesu dinnaṁ hoti mahapphalaṁ.
ramaṇīyaṁ vatā 'raṇṇaṁ yamhiṁ na ramate jano |
vītarāgāttha raṁsanti This does not appear to be the correct form for the verb, and we need a reading similar to the Pāḷi to make sense. nāṁñe kāmagaveṣiṇo ||
ramaṇīyāni araññāni yattha na ramatī jano,
vītarāgā ramissanti na te kāmagavesino.
yathā pi mūle anupadrute dḍhe chinno pi rukkho punar-īva We have to count
em eva tahnānuśaye anūhate nivvattate dukkham idaṁ punappuno ||
yathā pi mūle anupaddave daḷhe chinno pi rukkho punar eva rūhati,
evam pi taṇhānusaye anūhate nibbattatī dukkham idaṁ punappunaṁ.
Tahnavarggaḥ
Taṇhāvaggo