12: Danda

[195 ≈ Dhp 141]

⏑−⏑−¦−,⏑⏑¦−⏑−−¦¦−−⏑−,¦−−⏑¦−⏑−− Triṣṭubhx 4
nanaggacarⁱyā najaṭānapaṁko nānāśanaṁtthaṇḍīlaśāyikā We need to read tthaṇḍila- here to avoid the heavy 6th syllable, the reading -ī- is most probably a scribal error. vā|

⏑−−−,¦−⏑⏑¦−⏑−−¦¦−−⏑−¦−,⏑⏑¦−⏑−−
rajocelaṁ ukkuṭukapradhānaṁ I count pr- as making position here to give the normal cadence. śodhenti māccaṁ avitiṇṇakaṁchaṁ ||

⏑−⏑−¦−,⏑⏑¦−⏑−−¦¦−−⏑−,¦−⏑⏑¦−⏑−− Tuṭṭhubha x 4
na naggacarⁱyā na jaṭā na paṅkā nānāsakā thaṇḍilasāyikā vā,

−−⏑−¦−,−⏑⏑¦−⏑−−¦¦−−⏑−¦−,⏑⏑¦−⏑−−
rājo ca jallaṁ ukkuṭikappadhānaṁ sodhenti maccaṁ avitiṇṇakaṅkhaṁ.

[196 ≈ Dhp 142]

⏑−⏑−,¦−⏑⏑¦−⏑−−¦¦−−−−,¦⏑⏑−¦−⏑−− Triṣṭubh x 4
alaṁkato cāpi samaṁ careyā dānto śānto niyato dhammacārī As in the Pāḷi, this line has the Vedic opening; for more on this opening see The Prosody of the Dhammapada. |

−−⏑−¦−⏑,⏑¦−⏑−−¦¦−−⏑−,¦−⏑⏑¦−⏑−−
sabbesu prāṇesu I count pr- as not making position here to give the normal opening. nidhāya daṇḍaṁ so brāhmaṇo so śamaṇo sa sa here is m.c. for so, to produce the normal cadence. bhikkhū ||

⏑−⏑−,¦−⏑⏑¦−⏑−−¦¦−−−−,¦⏑⏑−¦−⏑−− Tuṭṭhubha x 4
alaṅkato ce pi samaṁ careyya santo danto niyato brahmacārī,

−−⏑−¦−⏑,⏑¦−⏑−−¦¦−−⏑−,¦−⏑⏑¦−⏑−−
sabbesu bhūtesu nidhāya daṇḍaṁ so brāhmaṇo so samaṇo sa bhikkhu.

[197 ≈ Dhp 133]

−⏑−⏑¦⏑−−−¦¦−−⏑⏑¦⏑−⏑−
mā vade paruṣaṁ kaṁci vuttā paṭivadeyu It appears the regular form for the 3rd person plural optative must have been -eyuṁ, though it is not recorded in Patna, therefore anusvāra must have been lost here and in phuseyu below m.c. Cf. the Pāḷi verse. taṁ |

−−⏑−¦−⏑⏑−¦¦⏑⏑−−¦⏑−⏑− bhavipulā
dukkhā hi sārambhakathā paṭidaṇḍā phuseyu taṁ ||

−−⏑⏑¦⏑−−−¦¦−−⏑⏑¦⏑−⏑−
māvoca pharusaṁ kañci vuttā paṭivadeyyu' taṁ,

−−⏑−¦−⏑⏑−¦¦⏑⏑−−¦⏑−⏑− bhavipulā
dukkhā hi sārambhakathā paṭidaṇḍā phuseyyu' taṁ.

[198ab cf. Dhp 134ab; cd ≈ Aṅg Bk. 8. 3.9 v.6cd]

⏑−⏑−¦⏑−−−¦¦−−⏑⏑¦⏑−⏑−
sace iresi āttānaṁ kaṁso upahato-r-iva |

−⏑⏑⏑¦⏑−−−¦¦⏑−−⏑¦⏑−⏑−
jātimaraṇasaṁsāraṁ There are light syllables in 2nd and 3rd positions here, if the bhāṇakas in either tradition had thought it necessary, they could easily have reaired the metre by reading jātī-. ciraṁ praccanubhohisi ||

⏑−−−¦⏑−−−¦¦−−⏑⏑¦⏑−⏑−
sace neresi attānaṁ kaṁso upahato yathā,

−⏑−−¦⏑−−−¦¦−−−−¦⏑−⏑−
~~esa pattosi nibbānaṁ sārambho te na vijjati.~~

—————

⏑−−⏑¦⏑−−−¦¦−−−⏑¦⏑−⏑−
~~avijjānivuto poso saddhammaṁ aparādhiko,~~

−⏑⏑⏑¦⏑−−−¦¦⏑−−⏑¦⏑−⏑−
jātimaraṇasaṁsāraṁ ciraṁ paccanubhossati.

[199 ≈ Dhp 134]

⏑−⏑−¦⏑−−−¦¦−−⏑⏑⏑¦⏑−⏑−
na ce iresi āttānaṁ kaṁso anupahato-r-iva This is a funny sentiment, quite the opposite of the Pāḷi: if, like an unbroken bell, you do not make a sound! |

−⏑−−¦⏑−−−¦¦−−−−¦⏑−⏑−
esa prātto si nibbāṇaṁ sārambhā te na vijjati ||

⏑−−−¦⏑−−−¦¦−−⏑⏑¦⏑−⏑−
sace neresi attānaṁ kaṁso upahato yathā,

−⏑−−¦⏑−−−¦¦−−−−¦⏑−⏑−
esa pattosi nibbānaṁ sārambho te na vijjati.

[200 ≈ Dhp 135]

⏑−−−¦⏑−−−¦¦−−−−¦⏑−⏑−
yathā daṇḍena gopālo gāvo pājeti Cone indicates that this word may also be read: prājeti, which might be preferable. There is a variant reading to the parallel in the Pāḷi Burmese tradition that also reads pājeti. gocaraṁ |

−−⏑−¦⏑−−−¦¦−⏑−⏑¦⏑−⏑−
evaṁ jarā ca maccū -ū is m.c. to give the pathyā cadence. ca prāṇināṁ adhivattati ||

⏑−−−¦⏑−−−¦¦−−−−¦⏑−⏑−
yathā daṇḍena gopālo gāvo pāceti gocaraṁ,

−−⏑−¦⏑−⏑−¦¦−−−−¦⏑−⏑− Anuṭṭhubha
evaṁ jarā ca maccu ca āyuṁ pācenti pāṇinaṁ.

[201a ≈ Dhp 135a; c-f ≈ Dhp 315c-f, Nirayavaggo]

⏑−−−¦⏑−−−¦¦−−−⏑¦⏑−⏑−
yathā daṇḍena gopālo gāvo rakṣati sāmināṁ |

−−−⏑¦⏑−−−¦¦⏑−−−¦⏑−⏑−
evaṁ rakkhatha Note that in line b we have the Saṅskritic spelling rakṣ-, whereas here and elsewhere the spelling is rakkh- (cf. 17d, 157d, 227a, 228a, 234c, 279a, 280a, 281a, 311b, 312b, 346c, 350d; and see also anurakkh- 24b, 278a; surakkh- 311b, 312b; durakkh- 342b.) āttānaṁ khaṇo vo mā upaccagū |

⏑−−−¦⏑−−−¦¦⏑⏑−⏑¦⏑−⏑−
khaṇātītā hi śocanti nirayamhi samappitā ||

⏑−−−¦⏑−−−¦¦−−−−¦⏑−⏑−
yathā daṇḍena gopālo ~~gāvo pāceti gocaraṁ,~~

—————

⏑⏑−⏑¦−,−−−¦¦−−−⏑¦⏑−⏑− mavipulā
~~nagaraṁ yathā paccantaṁ guttaṁ santarabāhiraṁ,~~

−−−−¦⏑−−−¦¦⏑−−−¦⏑−⏑−
evaṁ gopetha attānaṁ khaṇo vo mā upaccagā,

⏑−−−¦⏑−−−¦¦⏑⏑−⏑¦⏑−⏑−
khaṇātītā hi socanti nirayamhi samappitā. This verse occurs in full as a parallel to 234 below.

[202 ≈ Dhp 130]

−−⏑−¦⏑−−−¦¦−−−−¦⏑−⏑−
sabbe trasanti daṇḍānāṁ sabbesaṁ jīvitaṁ priyaṁ |

−−−⏑¦⏑−−−¦¦−⏑−−¦⏑−⏑−
āttānaṁ upamaṁ kattā neva haṁyyā na ghātaye The parallels to this and the next two verses occur in the same order in the Pāḷi. ||

−−⏑−¦⏑−−−¦¦−−−−¦⏑−⏑−
sabbe tasanti daṇḍassa sabbesaṁ jīvitaṁ piyaṁ,

−−−⏑¦⏑−−−¦¦⏑⏑−⏑¦⏑−⏑−
attānaṁ upamaṁ katvā na haneyya na ghātaye.

[203 ≈ Dhp 131]

⏑⏑−−¦⏑−−−¦¦−−−⏑¦⏑−⏑−
sukhakāmāni bhūtāni yo daṇḍena vihiṁsati |

−⏑−⏑¦⏑−−−¦¦−⏑−⏑⏑¦⏑−⏑−
āttano sukham eṣāṇo precca so na labhate The resolution here is on na la-, which shows how close the negative is associated syntactically with the word that follows, and as far as I have seen two-word resolution only occurs with the preceding negative. sukhaṁ ||

⏑⏑−−¦⏑−−−¦¦−−−⏑¦⏑−⏑−
sukhakāmāni bhūtāni yo daṇḍena vihiṁsati,

−⏑−⏑¦⏑−−−¦¦−⏑−⏑⏑¦⏑−⏑−
attano sukham esāno pecca so na labhate sukhaṁ.

[204 ≈ Dhp 132]

⏑⏑−−¦⏑−−−¦¦−−−⏑⏑¦⏑−⏑−
sukhakāmāni bhūtāni yo daṇḍena na vihiṁsati We need to read hiṁsati here to correct the metre and in line with the parallel. Probably a scribal error. |

−⏑−⏑¦⏑−−−¦¦−⏑−⏑¦⏑−⏑−
āttano sukham eṣāṇo precca so labhate sukhaṁ ||

⏑⏑−−¦⏑−−−¦¦−−−⏑¦⏑−⏑−
sukhakāmāni bhūtāni yo daṇḍena na hiṁsati,

−⏑−⏑¦⏑−−−¦¦−⏑−⏑¦⏑−⏑−
attano sukham esāno pecca so labhate sukhaṁ.

[205a-d ≈ Dhp 78; ef ≈ Dhp 76ef, Paṇḍitavaggo]

⏑⏑−⏑−¦⏑−−−¦¦⏑⏑−⏑⏑¦⏑−⏑−
na bhajetha pāpake mitre na bhajetha We have to count the negative as forming part of the resolution twice in this pādayuga. Cf. 203 above. puruṣā 'dhame |

⏑−⏑−¦−,−−−¦¦⏑−⏑⏑¦⏑−⏑− mavipulā
bhajetha praṁñe Cone places what is presumably an alternative reading praṁña- in brackets. There is no discussion of the reading. I take pr- as not making position to give the normal mavipulā opening. medhāvī bhajetha puruṣottame |

−⏑−⏑¦⏑−−−¦¦−−−⏑¦⏑−⏑−
tārise bhajamānassa śreyo hoti na pāpiyo ||

⏑⏑−−¦⏑−−−¦¦⏑⏑−⏑¦⏑−⏑−
na bhaje pāpake mitte na bhaje purisādhame,

⏑−⏑−¦−,−−−¦¦⏑−⏑⏑¦⏑−⏑− mavipulā
bhajetha mitte kalyāṇe bhajetha purisuttame.

—————

⏑−−⏑¦⏑−−−¦¦−−−−¦⏑−⏑−
~~nidhīnaṁ va pavattāraṁ yaṁ passe vajjadassinaṁ,~~

−−⏑−¦−−−−¦¦−⏑−−¦⏑−⏑− mavipulā
~~niggayhavādiṁ medhāviṁ tādisaṁ paṇḍitaṁ bhaje,~~

−⏑−⏑¦⏑−−−¦¦−−−⏑¦⏑−⏑−
tādisaṁ bhajamānassa seyyo hoti na pāpiyo.

[206 ≈ Dhp 76, Paṇḍitavaggo]

⏑⏑−⏑−¦⏑−−−¦¦−−−−¦⏑−⏑−
nidhino va pravattāraṁ yaṁ paśśe vajjadaṁśinaṁ |

⏑−⏑−¦−,−−−¦¦−⏑−⏑¦⏑−⏑− mavipulā
nighyavādiṁ medhāvīṁ tārisaṁ puruṣaṁ bhaje |

−⏑−⏑¦⏑−−−¦¦−−−⏑¦⏑−⏑−
tārisaṁ bhajamānassa śreyo hoti na pāpiyo ||

⏑−−⏑¦⏑−−−¦¦−−−−¦⏑−⏑−
nidhīnaṁ va pavattāraṁ yaṁ passe vajjadassinaṁ,

−−⏑−¦−,−−−¦¦−⏑−−¦⏑−⏑− mavipulā
niggayhavādiṁ medhāviṁ tādisaṁ paṇḍitaṁ bhaje,

−⏑−⏑¦⏑−−−¦¦−−−⏑¦⏑−⏑−
tādisaṁ bhajamānassa seyyo hoti na pāpiyo.

[207 ≈ Dhp 77, Paṇḍitavaggo]

−⏑−−⏑¦⏑−−−¦¦⏑−−−¦⏑−⏑− 9 syllables
ovadeyā anuśāseyā This opening has 9 syllables, we should read the two words as being in sandhi to correct the metre: ovadeyānuśāseyā. asabbhāto nivāraye |

⏑−−−¦⏑−−−¦¦⏑⏑−−¦⏑−⏑−
satāṁ hetaṁ priyaṁ hoti asatāṁ hoti apriyaṁ ||

−⏑−−¦⏑−−−¦¦⏑−−⏑¦⏑−⏑−
ovadeyyānusāseyya asabbhā ca nivāraye,

⏑−⏑−¦⏑−−−¦¦⏑⏑−−¦⏑−⏑−
sataṁ hi so piyo hoti asataṁ hoti appiyo.

[208 ≈ Devatāsaṁyuttaṁ, 4.2 v. 7]

−−⏑−¦⏑⏑⏑−−¦¦−−−⏑¦⏑−⏑−
tassā satāñ ca asatāñ ca nānā hoti ito gatī |

⏑−−⏑¦⏑−−−¦¦−−−⏑¦⏑−⏑−
asanto nirayaṁ yānti santo saggaparāyaṇā The parallel to this verse in the Pāḷi is attributed to a devatā in Sagāthavagga. ||

−−⏑−¦⏑⏑⏑−−¦¦−−−⏑¦⏑−⏑−
tasmā satañ ca asatañ ca nānā hoti ito gati,

⏑−−⏑¦⏑−−−¦¦−−−⏑¦⏑−⏑−
asanto nirayaṁ yanti santo saggaparāyanā.

[209 ≈ Dhp 152, Jarāvaggo]

−−⏑−⏑¦−⏑⏑−¦¦⏑⏑−−¦⏑−⏑− bhavipulā / 9 syllables
appaśśuto ayaṁ This opening has 9 syllables, we should read the two words as being in sandhi to correct the metre: appaśśuto 'yaṁ. puruṣo balivaddo va jīrati Cone indicates the word may also be read: jjīrati. If that reading was correct I feel we would have to take it as a scribal error as it would ruin the cadence. |

−−⏑−¦⏑−−−¦¦−−−⏑¦⏑−⏑−
māṁsāni tassa vaddhanti praṁñā tassa na vaddhati ||

−−⏑−¦−⏑⏑−¦¦⏑⏑−−¦⏑−⏑− bhavipulā
appassutāyaṁ puriso balivaddo va jīrati,

−−⏑−¦⏑−−−¦¦−−−⏑¦⏑−⏑−
maṁsāni tassa vaḍḍhanti paññā tassa na vaḍḍhati.

[210 ≈ Dhp 309, Nirayavaggo]

−−⏑−¦−⏑,⏑¦−⏑−−¦¦−−⏑−,¦⏑⏑−¦−⏑−− Triṣṭubh x 4
cattāri ṭṭhānāni Reading ṭṭh- as not making position to give the normal opening. naro pramatto āpajjate paradāropasevī |

⏑−⏑−¦−,⏑⏑¦−⏑−−¦¦−−⏑−¦−,⏑⏑¦−⏑−−
apuṁñalābhaṁ anikāmaśeyaṁ nindaṁ tritīyaṁ -ī- is m.c. to give the normal opening. nirayaṁ catutthaṁ ||

−−⏑−¦−⏑,⏑¦−⏑−−¦¦−−⏑−,¦⏑⏑−¦−⏑−− Tuṭṭhubha x 4
cattāri ṭhānāni naro pamatto āpajjatī paradārūpasevī,

⏑−⏑−¦−,⏑⏑¦−⏑−−¦¦−−⏑−¦−,⏑⏑¦−⏑−−
apuññalābhaṁ na nikāmaseyyaṁ nindaṁ tatīyaṁ nirayaṁ catutthaṁ.

[211a-c ≈ Dhp 310a-c, Nirayavaggo; for line d cf. Jā 457, 470, 488, etc.]

⏑−⏑−¦−⏑,⏑¦−⏑−⏑−¦¦−−⏑−¦−⏑,⏑¦−⏑−⏑− Jagatī x 2
apuṁñalābho ca gatī -ī here and in ratī in the next line are m.c. to give the normal cadence. ca pāpiko bhītassa bhītāya ratī pi appikā |

−−⏑−¦−,⏑⏑¦−⏑−−¦¦−−⏑−¦−,⏑⏑¦−⏑−− Triṣṭubh x 2
rājā ca daṇḍaṁ garukaṁ praṇeti kāyassa bhedā nirayaṁ upeti ||

⏑−⏑−¦−⏑,⏑¦−⏑−⏑−¦¦−−⏑−¦−⏑,⏑¦−⏑−⏑− Jagatī x 2
apuññalābho ca gatī ca pāpikā bhītassa bhītāya ratī ca thokikā,

−−⏑−¦−,⏑⏑¦−⏑−−¦¦−−⏑−,¦⏑⏑−¦−⏑−− Tuṭṭhubha x 2
rājā ca daṇḍaṁ garukaṁ paṇeti ~~tasmā naro paradāraṁ na seve.~~

—————

−−⏑−¦−⏑⏑¦−⏑−− Tuṭṭhubha
kāyassa bhedā nirayaṁ vajanti.

[212]

−⏑−⏑¦⏑−−−¦¦−⏑−−⏑¦⏑−⏑− 9 syllables
saṁyyatā sugatiṁ yānti doggatiṁ yānti asaṁyyatā This line has 9 syllables, we could read doggatiṁ yānt' asaṁyyatā to correct the metre. |

−⏑−−¦⏑−−−¦¦⏑⏑−⏑¦⏑−⏑−
mā ssu viśśāsam āpādi We should read this as viśśāsa' māpādi, with anusvāra lost m.c. cf. 272c. iti vindu samaṁ care I can find no parallel to the first 3 lines of this verse in the Pāḷi texts. ||

[213 ≈ Vin. Cv. Saṅghabhedakakkhandakaṁ, Nālāgiripesanaṁ, vs. 1]

−−⏑⏑¦−⏑−⏑−¦¦−−−⏑⏑¦−⏑−⏑− Vaitālīya x 4
mā kuñjara nāgam āsida dukkho kuñjara nāgamaṁsado |

⏑⏑−⏑⏑¦−⏑−⏑−¦¦⏑⏑−−⏑⏑¦−⏑−⏑−
na hi nāgahatassa kuñjara sugatī -ī is m.c. to give the normal opening. hoti ito paraṁ yato ||

−−⏑⏑¦−⏑−⏑−¦¦−−[⏑]−⏑⏑¦−⏑−⏑− Vetālīya x 4
mā kuñjara nāgam āsado dukkhaṁ hi We need to exclude hi m.c. kuñjara nāgam āsado,

⏑⏑−⏑⏑¦−⏑−⏑−¦¦⏑⏑⏑−⏑⏑¦−⏑−⏑−
na hi nāgahatassa kuñjara sugati We need to read sugatī m.c. hoti ito paraṁ yato.

[214]

⏑⏑−⏑⏑¦−⏑−⏑−¦¦−−−⏑⏑¦−⏑−⏑− Vaitālīya x 4
giriduggavicāriṇaṁ yathā sīhaṁ parvvatapaṭṭhigocaraṁ |

⏑⏑−⏑⏑¦−⏑−⏑−¦¦−−−⏑⏑¦−⏑−⏑−
naravīram apetabheravaṁ mā hiṁsittha anomanikramaṁ I can find no parallel to this verse in the Pāḷi texts, or in any of the other parallels. ||

[215 ≈ Dhp 320, Nāgavaggo]

⏑−−−¦⏑−−−¦¦−−⏑⏑¦⏑−⏑−
ahaṁ nāgo va saṁggrāme cāpātipatite sare |

⏑−−−¦⏑−−−¦¦−−−⏑¦⏑⏑⏑−
atīvāde titikkhāmi duśśīlo hi bahujano We need to read bahujjano (unhistorically) here to correct the metre. ||

⏑−−−¦⏑−−−¦¦−−−⏑¦⏑−⏑−
ahaṁ nāgo va saṅgāme cāpāto patitaṁ saraṁ

⏑⏑−−¦⏑−−−¦¦−−−⏑¦⏑−⏑−
ativākyaṁ titikkhissaṁ dussīlo hi bahujjano.