Dharmasangraha, Dharmas 41-60

41. There are twenty emptinesses, they are:

{1} Internal emptiness,
{2} external emptiness,
{3} internal and external emptiness,
{4} emptiness of emptiness,
{5} great emptiness,
{6} ultimate emptiness,
{7} emptiness of the conditioned,
{8} emptiness of the unconditioned,
{9} endless emptiness,
{10} emptiness of the extremes,
{11} emptiness without beginning or end,
{12} natural emptiness,
{13} emptiness of all things,
{14} marked emptiness,
{15} unmarked emptiness,
{16} emptiness of existence,
{17} emptiness of non-existence,
{18} emptiness of self-existence,
{19} emptiness of the self-existence of existence,
{20} and emptiness of other-existence.

42. There are twelve factors of conditional origination,

{1} ignorance,
{2} volitions,
{3} consciousness,
{4} name and bodily-form,
{5} the six sense spheres,
{6} contact,
{7} feeling,
{8} craving,
{9} attachment,
{10} continuity,
{11} birth,
{12} and old age and death, grief, lamentation, pain, sorrows, and despairs.

43. There are thirty-seven things on the side of awakening,

{1-4} four ways of attending to mindfulness,
{5-8} four right strivings,
{9-12} four bases of spiritual power,
{13-17} five faculties,
{18-22} five strengths,
{23-29} seven factors of awakening,
{30-37} and the noble eightfold path.

44. Herein, what are the {four} ways of attending to mindfulness? Asking a question here and in the next analysis breaks the pattern of simply stating the factors in the list. They are:

{1} Attending to (the nature of) the body in the body,
{2} attending to (the nature of) the feelings in the feelings,
{3} attending to (the nature of) the mind in the mind,
{4} attending to (the nature of) things in (various) things.

45. What are the four right strivings? They are:

{1} The protection of the wholesome roots that have arisen,
{2} and the arising (of wholesome roots) that have not (yet) arisen,
{3} the abandoning of unwholesome things that have arisen,
{4} and the non-arising (of unwholesome things) that have not arisen yet.

46. There are four bases of spiritual power, they are:

{1} The basis of spiritual power that is concentration of desire accompanied by the volition of striving,
{2} similarly, the basis of spiritual power regarding thought,
{3} the basis of spiritual power regarding energy,
{4} and the basis of spiritual power that is concentration of investigation accompanied by the volition of striving.

47. There are five faculties, they are:

{1} Faith,
{2} concentration, The order is unexpected here, see the strengths below, which follows the normal order.
{3} energy,
{4} mindfulness,
{5} and the faculty of wisdom.

48. There are five strengths, they are:

{1} Faith,
{2} energy,
{3} mindfulness,
{4} concentration,
{5} and the strength of wisdom.

49. There are seven factors of awakening, they are:

{1} The factor of awakening that is mindfulness,
{2} the factor of awakening that is investigation of the (nature of) things,
{3} the factor of awakening that is energy,
{4} the factor of awakening that is joy,
{5} the factor of awakening that is tranquillity,
{6} the factor of awakening that is concentration,
{7} the factor of awakening that is equanimity.

50. There is the noble eightfold path,

{1} Right view,
{2} right thought,
{3} right speech,
{4} right action,
{5} right livelihood,
{6} right endeavour,
{7} right mindfulness,
{8} and right concentration.
These are the thirty-seven things on the side of awakening.

51. There are four analytical knowledges, they are:

{1} The analytical knowledge of the way things are,
{2} the analytical knowledge of meaning, The first two are normally seen in reverse order to that seen here.
{3} the analytical knowledge of language,
{4} the analytical knowledge of inspired speech.

52. There are four retentions, they are:

{1} The rentention of oneself,
{2} the rentention of a book,
{3} the rentention of the dharma,
{4} and the rentention of a spell.

53. There are four reliances, they are:

{1} Reliance on the meaning, not reliance on the word,
{2} reliance on knowledge, not reliance on awareness,
{3} reliance on the plain sense, not reliance on the inferred sense,
{4} and reliance on the dharma, not reliance on a person.

54. There are six recollections,

{1} Recollection of the Buddha,
{2} recollection of the Dharma,
{3} recollection of the Saṅgha,
{4} recollection of generosity,
{5} recollection of virtue,
{6} recollection of the gods.

55. There are four dharma sentences, they are:

{1} All conditions are impermanent,
{2} all conditions are suffering,
{3} all things are without self,
{4} and nirvāṇa is peaceful.

56. There are ten unwholesome (things), they are:

{1} Killing living creatures,
{2} taking what has not been given,
{3} sexual misconduct,
{4} false speech,
{5} malicious speech,
{6} rough speech,
{7} frivolous talk,
{8} avarice,
{9} ill-will,
{10} and wrong view.

57. There are six destinations, they are:

{1} Hell (world),
{2} animal (world),
{3} ghost (world),
{4} demon (world),
{5} human (world),
{6} and god (world).

58. There are six elements, Cf. the pañca mahābhūtāni, 39 above.

{1} earth,
{2} water,
{3} fire,
{4} wind,
{5} space,
{6} and consciousness.

59. There are eight liberations, they are:

{1} One having form perceives forms as empty,
{2} not perceiving forms internally, one perceives forms externally as empty,
{3} {one perceives being resolved on beauty as empty,} Missing from the edition, so it may be a manuscript issue; added here based on the Pāḷi.
{4} one perceives the sphere of endless space as empty,
{5} one perceives the sphere of endless consciousness as empty,
{6} one perceives the sphere of nothingness as empty,
{7} one perceives the sphere of neither-perception-nor-non-perception as empty,
{8} one perceives the sphere of the cessation of perception and feeling as empty.

60. There are five (things) having immediate consequence, they are:

{1} Matricide,
{2} patricide,
{3} killing an arhat,
{4} with corrupt mind causing a Realised One’s blood to flow,
{5} and causing schism in the Saṅgha.