Dharma-Saṅgraha
The Dharma Collection

Dharmas 121-140

121. Eight Hot Hells

Aṣṭāv-uṣṇa-narakāḥ, tad-yathā:
There are eight hot hells, they are:

{1} Sañjīvaḥ,
{1} The reviving (hell),

{2} kāla-sūtraḥ,
{2} the black-thread (hell),

{3} saṅghāto,
{3} the crushing (hell),

{4} rauravo,
{4} the hot (hell),

{5} mahā-rauravas-
{5} the great hot (hell),

{6} tapanaḥ,
{6} the remorseful (hell),

{7} pratāpano
{7} the scolding (hell),

{8} ’vīciś-ceti. [30]
{8} and the never-ceasing (hell).

122. Eight Cold Hells

Aṣṭau śīta-narakāḥ, tad-yathā:
There are eight cold hells, they are:

{1} Arbudo,
{1} The tumourous (hell),

{2} nirarbudo
{2} the very tumourous (hell),

{3} ’ṭaṭo
{3} the squealing (hell),

{4} ’papo,
{4} the running (hell),

{5} hāhādhara,
{5} the grieving (hell),

{6} utpalaḥ,
{6} the blue-lotus (hell),

{7} padmo,
{7} the red-lotus (hell),

{8} mahā-padmaś-ceti.
{8} the great red-lotus (hell).

123. Seven Lower Regions

Sapta pātālāni, tad-yathā:
There are seven lower regions, they are:

{1} Dharaṇi-talo
{1} The plains of the earth,

{2} ’calo
{2} the mountain,

{3} mahācala,
{3} the great mountain,

{4} āpaḥ,
{4} the water (realm),

{5} kāñcanaḥ,
{5} the golden (realm),

{6} sañjīvo,
{6} the reviving (hell),

{7} narakaś-ceti.
{7} and hell.

124. Two Mountain Ranges

Dvau cakravāḍau, tad-yathā:
There are two mountain ranges, they are:

{1} Cakravāḍa-
{1} The mountain range,

{2} mahā-cakravāḍau ceti.
{2} and the great mountain range.

125. Eight Mountains

Aṣṭāṅga-parvatāḥ, tad-yathā:
There are eight mountains, they are:

{1} Yugaṁdhara,
{1} The Yoke-bearer (mountain),

{2} Īśādharaḥ,
{2} the Bearing of the Supreme (mountain),

{3} Khadirakaḥ,
{3} the Acacia (mountain),

{4} Sudarśano,
{4} the Beautiful (mountain),

{5} Vinatako
{5} the Bending (mountain),

{6} ’śva-karṇo,
{6} the Horse’s Ear (mountain),

{7} Nemiṁdharagiriḥ,
{7} the Wheel-Bearing mountain,

{8} Sumeruś-ceti.
{8} and the Excellent (mountain).

126. Seven Oceans

Sapta sāgarāḥ, tad-yathā:
There are seven oceans, they are:

{1} Kṣāraḥ,
{1} Salty,

{2} kṣīro,
{2} milky,

{3} dadhy-
{3} coagulated,

{4} udadhir-
{4} watery,

{5} ghtaṁ,
{5} buttery,

{6} madhuḥ,
{6} sweet,

{7} surā ceti. [31]
{7} and spirituous.

127. Six Gods of the Sensual-Realms

Tatra ṣaṭ kāmāvacarā devāḥ, tad-yathā:
Herein, there are six gods of the sensual-realms, they are:

{1} Cātur-Mahā-rāja-kāyikās-
{1} The group of Four Great Kings,

{2} Trāyas-triṁśās-
{2} the Thirty-Three,

{3} Tuṣitā,
{3} the Contented,

{4} Yāmā,
{4} the Watchful,

{5} Nirmāṇa-ratayaḥ,
{5} those Delighting in Creation,

{6} Paranirmita-vaśavartinaś-ceti.
{6} and those Wielding Power over the Creation of Others.

128. Eighteen Gods of the Form-Realms

Aṣṭādaśa rūpāvacarā devāḥ, tad-yathā:
There are eighteen gods of the form-realms, they are:

{1} Brahma-kāyikā,
{1} The Brahma group,

{2} Brahma-purohitā,
{2} the Ministers of Brahmā,

{3} Brahma-pārṣadyā,
{3} Brahmā’s Retinue,

{4} Mahā-brahmāṇaḥ,
{4} Great Brahmās,

{5} Parīttābhā,
{5} Limited Radiance,

{6} Apramāṇābhā,
{6} Unbounded Radiance,

{7} Ābhāsvarāḥ,
{7} Streaming Radiance,

{8} Parītta-śubhāḥ,
{8} Limited Beauty,

{9} Śubha-ktsnā,
{9} Refulgent Beauty,

{10} Anabhrakāḥ,
{10} Cloudless,

{11} Puṇya-prasavā,
{11} the Fruit of Merit,

{12} Bhat-phalā,
{12} Great Fruit,

{13} Asañjñi-sattvā,
{13} Unconscious Beings.

{14} Avhā,
{14} Steadfast,

{15} Atapāḥ,
{15} Untroubled,

{16} Sudśāḥ,
{16} Beautiful,

{17} Sudarśanā,
{17} Clear-sighted,

{18} Akaniṣṭhāś-ceti.
{18} and the Highest.

129. Four Gods of the Formless-Realms

Catvāro ’rūpāvacarā devāḥ,
There are four gods of the formless-realms, they are:

{1} Ākāśānanty-āyatanopagā,
{1} Belonging to the sphere of infinite space,

{2} Vijñānānanty-āyatanopagā,
{2} belonging to the sphere of infinite consciousness,

{3} Ākiñcany-āyatanopagā,
{3} belonging to the sphere of nothingness,

{4} Naiva-saṁjñā-nāsaṁjñāyatanopagāś-ceti.
{4} and belonging to the sphere of neither-perception-nor-non-perception.

130. Three Kinds of Transgressions

Tri-vidhā ālaṅghanāḥ, tad-yathā:
There are three kinds of transgressions, they are:

{1} Satyālaṅghanā,
{1} Transgressing the truth,

{2} dharmālaṅghanā-
{2} transgressing the dharma,

{3} ’nālaṅghanā ceti.
{3} and non-transgression.

131. Three Kinds of Great Friendliness

Tri-vidhā mahāmaitrī, tad-yathā:
There are three kinds of great friendliness, they are:

{1} Satyālambanā,
{1} Grounded in truth,

{2} dharmālambanā,
{2} grounded in dharma,

{3} anālambanā ceti. Text: Satyālaṅghanā, dharmālaṅghanānālaṅghanā ceti, which makes no sense. Amended following Vaidya. Edgerton surprisingly doesn’t comment. [32]
{3} and without ground.

132. Three Kinds of Deeds

Tri-vidhaṁ karma, tad-yathā:
There are three kinds of deeds, they are:

{1} Dṣṭa-dharma-vedanīyam-
{1} To be experienced in this very life,

{2} utpadya-vedanīyam-
{2} to be experienced in (the next) rebirth,

{3} apara-vedanīyaṁ ceti.
{3} and to be experienced later.

133. Three Kinds of Miracles

Tri-vidhaṁ prātihāryaṁ, tad-yathā:
There are three kinds of miracles, they are:

{1} ddhi-prātihāryam-
{1} The miracle of spiritual power,

{2} ādeśanā-prātihāryam-
{2} the miracle of mind-reading,

{3} anuśāsanī-prātihāryaṁ ceti.
{3} and the miracle of instruction.

134. Eight Inopportune Births

Aṣṭāv-akṣaṇāḥ, tad-yathā:
There are eight inopportune births, they are:

{1} Narakopapattis-
{1} Rebirth in hell,

{2} tiryag-upapattir-
{2} rebirth in the animal kingdom,

{3} Yama-lokopapattiḥ,
{3} rebirth in Yama’s world,

{4} pratyanta-janapadopapattir-
{4} rebirth in the border regions,

{5} dīrghāyuṣa-devopapattir-
{5} rebirth amongst the gods of long life,

{6} indriya-vikalatā,
{6} (rebirth) with impaired faculties,

{7} mithyā-dṣṭiś-
{7} (rebirth) with wrong view,

{8} cittotpādarāgitatā ceti.
{8} and (rebirth) with a mind intent on passion.

135. Three Kinds of Discrimination

Tri-vidhā vikalpāḥ, tad-yathā:
There are three kinds of discrimination, they are:

{1} Anusmaraṇa-vikalpaḥ,
{1} Discrimination through recollection,

{2} saṁtīrana-vikalpaḥ,
{2} discrimination through investigation,

{3} sahaja-vikalpaś-ceti.
{3} and innate discrimination.

136. Four Concentrations

Catvāraḥ samādhayaḥ, tad-yathā:
There are four concentrations, they are:

{1} Śūraṅgamo,
{1} Heroic march,

{2} gagaṇa-gañjo,
{2} sky-jewel,

{3} vimala-prabhaḥ,
{3} pure light,

{4} siṁha-vikrīḍitaś-ceti.
{4} and lion’s sport.

137. Fourteen Unanswered Things

Catur-daśāvyākta-vastūni, tad-yathā:
There are fourteen unanswered things, they are:

{1} Śāśvato loko
{1} The world is eternal,

{2} ’śāśvato lokaḥ,
{2} the world is not eternal,

{3} śāśvataś-cāśāśvataś-ca, [33]
{3} it is eternal and not eternal,

{4} naiva śāśvato nāśāśvataś-ca,
{4} it is neither eternal nor not eternal,

{5} antavāṁlloko
{5} the world has an end,

{6} ’nantavāṁlloko
{6} the world has no end,

{7} ’ntavāṁś-cānantavāṁllokaś-ca,
{7} the world has an end and no end,

{8} naivāntavānnānantavāṁś-ca,
{8} the world neither has an end nor no end,

{9} bhavati Tathāgataḥ paraṁ maraṇāc-ca,
{9} the Realised One exists after death,

{10} na bhavati Tathāgataḥ paraṁ maraṇāc-ca,
{10} the Realised One does not exist after death,

{11} bhavati na ca bhavati ca Tathāgataḥ paraṁ maraṇāt-
{11} the Realised One both exists and does not exist after death,

{12} naiva bhavati na na bhavati Tathāgataḥ paraṁ maraṇāt,
{12} the Realised One neither exists nor does not exist after death,

{13} sa jīvastac-charīram-
{13} that which is soul, that is (also) the body,

{14} anyo jīvo ’nyac-charīraṁ ceti.
{14} and the soul is one thing, the body is another thing.

138. Three Roots of Wholesomeness

Trīṇi kuśala-mūlāni, tad-yathā:
There are three roots of wholesomeness, they are:

{1} Adveṣo
{1} Lack of hatred,

{2} ’lobho
{2} lack of greed,

{3} ’mohaś-ceti.
{3} and lack of delusion.

139. Three Roots of Unwholesomeness

Etad-viparyayān-trīṇy-akuśala-mūlāni, tad-yathā:
Contrary to this, there are three roots of unwholesomeness, they are:

{1} Lobho,
{1} Greed,

{2} moho,
{2} delusion,

{3} dveṣaś-ceti.
{3} and hatred. Note how the order is different from the immediately preceding list.

140. Three Trainings

Tisraḥ śikṣāḥ, tad-yathā:
There are three trainings, they are:

{1} Adhicitta-śikṣā-
{1} Training in the higher mind,

{2} ’dhiśīla-śikṣā-
{2} training in the higher virtue,

{3} ’dhiprajñā-śikṣā ceti.
{3} and training in the higher wisdom.

Iti Nāgārjuna-pāda-viracito ’yaṁ Dharma-Saṅgrahaḥ Samāptaḥ
Thus this Dharma Collection written by Nāgārjuna is Complete

Śubham-astu Sarvadā!
May you always be Happy!