18. Puṣpavarga
The Chapter about Flowers
(27 Verses)
[367 ≈ Dhp 44]
[rh.q. + sim.]
Ka imāṁ pṛthivīṁ vijeṣyate Yamalokaṁ ca tathā sadevakam?
Who will understand this earth and Yama’s realms, together with the Devas? This evidently is meant to be comprehensive, with Yamaloka indicating the lower realms (see the Pāḷi commentary), and sadevakam indicating the upper realms of humans and Devas.
Ko Dharmapadaṁ sudeśitaṁ, kuśalaḥ puṣpam iva praceṣyate? 18.1
Who will examine The verb praceṣyate has to work twice in this pādayuga. the well-taught Dharma verses, as a skilful person will examine flowers?
Kaḥ (m. nom. sg. inter. pron.) who?; imām (f. acc. sg. dem. pron.) this; pṛthivīm (f. acc. sg.) the earth; vijeṣyate (3rd. sg. fut.) will understand; Yama-lokam (m. acc. coll. sg.) the world of Yama; ca (indec.) and; tathā (indec.) and; sa-devakam (m. acc. coll. sg.) together with the Devas; kaḥ (m. nom. sg. inter. pron.) who?; Dharma-padam (n. acc. coll. sg.) Dharma verses; su-deśitam (n. acc. sg. pp.) well-taught; kuśalaḥ (m. nom. sg.) a skilful person; puṣpam (n. acc. coll. sg.) flowers; iva (indec.) like; praceṣyate (3rd. sg. fut.) will examine.
Ko imaṁ paṭhaviṁ vicessati, Yamalokañ-ca imaṁ sadevakaṁ?
Who will understand the earth Comm.: the earth that is one’s existence. and Yama’s realms, Comm: Yamalokañ-cāti catubbidhaṁ apāyalokañ-ca. Yamaloka means the fourfold downfall. this human realm The comm. says: Imaṁ sadevakan-ti imaṁ manussalokañ-ca devalokena saddhiṁ ko vicessati; this together with the Devas means who will understand this human realm together with the Devas. together with the Devas?
Ko Dhammapadaṁ sudesitaṁ, kusalo puppham-ivappacessati?
Who will examine the well-taught Dhamma verses, as a skilful person examines flowers?
[368 ≈ Dhp 45]
[stm. + sim.]
Śaikṣaḥ pṛthivīṁ vijeṣyate, Yamalokaṁ ca tathā sadevakam,
The trainee will understand this earth and Yama’s realms, together with the Devas,
sa hi Dharmapadaṁ sudeśitaṁ, kuśalaḥ puṣpam iva praceṣyate. 18.2
that one will examine the well-taught Dhamma verses, as a skilful person will examine flowers.
Śaikṣaḥ (m. nom. sg.) the trainee; pṛthivīm (f. acc. sg.) the earth; vijeṣyate (3rd. sg. fut.) will understand; Yama-lokam (m. acc. coll. sg.) the world of Yama (the lower worlds of the dead); ca (indec.) and; tathā (indec.) and; sa-devakam (m. acc. coll. sg.) together with the Devas; saḥ (m. nom. sg. dem. pron.) that one; hi (metrical filler); Dharma-padam (n. acc. coll. sg.) Dharma verses; su-deśitam (n. acc. sg. pp.) well-taught; kuśalaḥ (m. nom. sg.) a skilful person; puṣpam (n. acc. coll. sg.) flowers; iva (indec.) like; praceṣyate (3rd. sg. fut.) will examine.
Sekho paṭhaviṁ vicessati, Yamalokañ-ca imaṁ sadevakaṁ,
The trainee will understand the earth and Yama’s realms, this human realm together with the Devas,
sekho Dhammapadaṁ sudesitaṁ, kusalo puppham-ivappacessati.
the trainee will examine the well-taught Dhamma verse, as a skilful person examines flowers.
[369 ≈ Dhp 283]
[adm. + ana.]
Vanaṁ chindata mā vṛkṣaṁ, vanād vai jāyate bhayam,
Cut down the forest, not (just) a tree, I.e. cut down the whole forest of craving, not just a single manifestation of it. from the forest arises a danger,
chitvā vanaṁ samūlaṁ tu, nirvaṇā bhavata bhikṣavaḥ. 18.3
but having cut down the forest at its root, you must be without craving, monastics.
Vanam (n. acc. sg.) the forest; chindata (2nd. pl. imp.) cut down!; mā (indec.) not; vṛkṣam (m. acc. sg.) a tree; vanāt (n. abl. sg.) from the forest; vai (indec.) indeed; jāyate (3rd. sg. pres.) arises; bhayam (n. nom. sg.) danger; chitvā (abs.) having cut off; vanam (n. acc. sg.) the forest; sa-mūlam (f. acc. sg.) at the root; tu (indec.) but; nirvaṇāḥ (m. nom. pl.) free from craving; bhavata (2nd. pl. imp.) be!; bhikṣavaḥ (m. voc. pl.) monastics.
Vanaṁ chindatha mā rukkhaṁ, vanato jāyatī bhayaṁ,
Cut down the forest, not (just) a tree, from the forest arises a danger,
chetvā vanañ-ca vanathañ-ca, nibbanā hotha bhikkhavo.
having cut down the forest and thicket, you must be without craving, monastics.
[370 ≈ Dhp 284]
[stm. + sim.]
Na chidyate yāvatā vanaṁ hy anumātram api narasya bandhuṣu,
The forest is not cut down as long as there exists even an atom (of attachment) of a person towards his relatives,
pratibaddhamanāḥ sa tatra vai, vatsaḥ kṣīrapaka iva mātaram. 18.4
right there his mind is bound, like a suckling calf is bound to its mother.
Na (indec.) Not; chidyate (3rd. sg. pres. pass.) is cut down; yāvatā (indec.) as long as; vanam (n. nom. sg.) the forest; hy (euphonic particle); anumātram (n. nom. sg.) an atom; api (indec.) even; narasya (m. gen. sg.) of a person; bandhuṣu (m. loc. pl.) towards relatives; pratibaddhamanāḥ (m. nom. sg.) one whose mind is bound; saḥ (m. nom. sg. dem. pron.) he; tatra (indec.) there; vai (indec.) indeed; vatsaḥ (m. nom. sg.) a calf; kṣīra-pakaḥ (m. nom. sg.) a suckling; iva (indec.) like; mātaram (f. acc. sg.) the mother.
Yāva hi vanatho na chijjati aṇumatto pi narassa nārisu,
The thicket is not cut down as long as there exists an atom (of attachment) of a man towards women,
paṭibaddhamano va tāva so, vaccho khīrapako va mātari.
for just so long is his mind bound, like a suckling calf is bound to its mother.
[371 ≈ Dhp 285]
[adm. + sim.]
Ucchindhi hi sneham ātmanaḥ, padmaṁ śāradakaṁ yathodakāt,
Sever affection for one’s self, like an autumn lotus is severed from the water,
śāntimārgam eva bṛṁhayen, Nirvāṇaṁ Sugatena deśitam. 18.5
be devoted to the path to peace, the Nirvāṇa taught by the Sugata.
Ucchindhi (2nd. sg. imp.) cut off; hi (metrical filler); sneham (m. acc. sg.) affection; ātmanaḥ (m. gen. sg.) for oneself; padmam (n. acc. sg.) a lotus; śāradakam (n. acc. sg.) autumn; yathā (indec.) just as; udakāt (n. abl. sg.) from water; śānti-mārgam (m. acc. sg.) the path to peace; eva (indec.) indeed; bṛṁhayet (3rd. sg. opt.) be devoted to; Nirvāṇam (n. acc. sg.) Nirvāṇa; Su-gatena (m. inst. sg.) by the Sugata; deśitam (n. acc. sg. pp.) taught.
Ucchinda sineham-attano, kumudaṁ sāradikaṁ va pāṇinā,
Sever affection for one’s self, like an autumn lotus severed with the hand,
santimaggam-eva brūhaya, Nibbānaṁ Sugatena desitaṁ.
develop the path to peace, the Nibbāna taught by the Sugata.
[372 ≈ Dhp 51]
[stm. + sim.]
Yathāpi ruciraṁ puṣpaṁ, varṇavat syād agandhavat,
Just as with a beautiful flower, there might be colour, but no fragrance,
evaṁ subhāṣitā vācā niṣphalāsāv akurvataḥ. 18.6
so well-spoken words are fruitless for that one who does not act (on them).
Yathā (indec.) just as; api (indec.) even; ruciram (n. nom. sg.) beautiful; puṣpam (n. nom. sg.) a flower; varṇavat (n. nom. sg.) possessing color; syāt (3rd. sg. opt.) might be; a-gandhavat (n. nom. sg.) lacking fragrance; evam (indec.) so; su-bhāṣitā (f. nom. pl. pp.) well-spoken; vācāḥ (f. nom. pl.) words; niṣ-phalāḥ (f. nom. pl.) fruitless; asau (m. nom. sg. dem. pron.) that one; a-kurvataḥ (m. gen. sg. prp.) for one who is not doing.
Yathā pi ruciraṁ pupphaṁ, vaṇṇavantaṁ agandhakaṁ,
Just like a beautiful flower, with colour, but no fragrance,
evaṁ subhāsitā vācā aphalā hoti akubbato.
so well-spoken words are fruitless for one who does not act (on them).
[373 ≈ Dhp 52]
[stm. + sim.]
Yathāpi ruciraṁ puṣpaṁ, varṇavat syād sugandhavat,
Just as with a beautiful flower, there might be colour and fragrance,
evaṁ subhāṣitā vācā saphalā bhavati kurvataḥ. 18.7
so well-spoken words are fruitful for one who acts (on them).
Yathā (indec.) just as; api (indec.) even; ruciram (n. nom. sg.) beautiful; puṣpam (n. nom. sg.) a flower; varṇavat (n. nom. sg.) possessing color; syāt (3rd. sg. opt.) could be; su-gandhavat (n. nom. sg.) fragrant; evam (indec.) so; su-bhāṣitāḥ (f. nom. pl. pp.) well-spoken words; vācāḥ (f. nom. pl.) words; sa-phalāḥ (f. nom. pl.) fruitful; bhavati (3rd. pl. pres.) are; kurvataḥ (m. gen. sg. prp.) of one who acts.
Yathā pi ruciraṁ pupphaṁ, vaṇṇavantaṁ sagandhakaṁ,
Just like a beautiful flower, with colour and fragrance,
evaṁ subhāsitā vācā saphalā hoti pakubbato.
so well-spoken words are fruitful for the one who acts (on them).
[374 ≈ Dhp 49]
[adm. + sim.]
Yathāpi bhramaraḥ puṣpād varṇagandhāv aheṭhayan,
Just as a bee, without harming the colour or scent of a flower,
paraiti rasam ādāya, tathā grāmāṁ muniś caret. 18.8
gathers its nectar and departs, so should the sage wander among the villages.
Yathā (indec.) just as; api (indec.) even; bhramaraḥ (m. nom. sg.) a bee; puṣpāt (n. abl. sg.) from a flower; varṇa-gandhau (m. acc. du.) color and scent; a-heṭhayan (m. nom. sg. prp.) not harming; paraiti (3rd. sg. pres.) departs; rasam (m. acc. sg.) nectar; ādāya (abs.) gathers; tathā (indec.) so; grāmān (m. acc. pl.) villages; muniḥ (m. nom. sg.) the sage; caret (3rd. sg. opt.) one should wander.
Yathā pi bhamaro pupphaṁ vaṇṇagandhaṁ aheṭhayaṁ,
Just as a bee, without harming the flower, its colour or scent,
paḷeti rasam-ādāya, evaṁ gāme munī care.
gathers its nectar and departs, so should the sage wander among the villages.
[375 ≈ Dhp 50]
[adm.]
Na pareṣāṁ vilomāni, na pareṣāṁ kṛtākṛtam,
Not the wrong of others, or what others have done or have not done,
ātmanas tu samīkṣeta, samāni viṣamāni ca. 18.9
one should examine oneself, (what is) fitting and unfitting.
Na (indec.) Not; pareṣām (m. gen. pl.) of others; vilomāni (n. nom. pl.) wrongs; na (indec.) not; pareṣām (m. gen. pl.) of others; kṛta-akṛtam (n. acc. coll. sg.) what is done and not done; ātmanaḥ (m. gen. sg.) of oneself; tu (indec.) but; samīkṣeta (3rd. sg. opt.) one should examine; samāni (n. nom. pl.) fitting; viṣamāni (n. nom. pl.) unfitting; ca (indec.) and.
Na paresaṁ vilomāni, na paresaṁ katākataṁ,
Not the wrong of others, or what others have done or have not done,
attano va avekkheyya, katāni akatāni ca.
one should consider oneself, (what is) done and not done.
[376 ≈ Dhp 53]
[adm. + sim.]
Yathāpi puṣparāśibhyaḥ kuryān mālāguṇāṁ bahūn,
Just as from heaps of flowers one might make many garland-strings,
evaṁ jātena martyena, kartavyaṁ kuśalaṁ bahu. 18.10
so too, by one who is born a mortal, many good deeds should be done.
Yathā (indec.) just as; api (indec.) even; puṣpa-rāśibhyaḥ (m. abl. pl.) from heaps of flowers; kuryāt (3rd. sg. opt.) one might make; mālā-guṇān (m. acc. pl.) garland strings; bahūn (m. acc. pl.) many; evam (indec.) so; jātena (m. inst. sg. pp.) by one who is born; martyena (m. inst. sg.) by a mortal; kartavyam (n. nom. sg. gerund.) should be done; kuśalam (n. nom. coll. sg.) good deeds; bahu (n. nom. sg.) many.
Yathā pi puppharāsimhā kayirā mālāguṇe bahū,
Just as from heaps of flowers one might make many garland-strings,
evaṁ jātena maccena, kattabbaṁ kusalaṁ bahuṁ.
so too, by one who is born a mortal, many good deeds should be done.
[377 ≈ Dhp 377]
[adm. + sim.]
Varṣāsu hi yathā puṣpaṁ vaguro vipramuñcati,
Just as during the rains a tree casts off its flowers,
evaṁ rāgaṁ ca doṣaṁ ca vipramuñcata, bhikṣavaḥ. 18.11
just so you must cast off passion and hatred, monastics.
Varṣāsu (f. loc. pl.) during the rains; hi (metrical filler); yathā (indec.) just as; puṣpam (n. acc. coll. sg.) flowers; vṛkṣaḥ (m. nom. sg.) a tree; vipramuñcati (3rd. sg. pres.) casts off; evam (indec.) so; rāgam (m. acc. sg.) passion; ca (indec.) and; doṣam (m. acc. sg.) hatred; ca (indec.) and; vipramuñcata (2 pl. imp.) you must cast off; bhikṣavaḥ (m. voc. pl.) monastics.
Vassikā viya pupphāni maddavāni pamuñcati,
Just as striped jasmine casts off its withered flowers,
evaṁ rāgañ-ca dosañ-ca vippamuñcetha, bhikkhavo.
just so you must cast off all passion and hatred, monastics.
[378-379 ≈ Dhp 58-059]
[stm. + sim.]
Yathā saṁkārakūṭe tu vyujjhite hi mahāpathe
Just as in a discarded rubbish heap along the highway
padmaṁ tatra tu jāyeta śucigandhi manoramam, 18.12
a lotus might arise there, pure, fragrant, delighting the mind,
Yathā (indec.) just as; saṁkāra-kūṭe (m. loc. sg.) in a rubbish heap; tu (metrical filler); vyujjhite (m. loc. sg. pp.) discarded; hi (metrical filler); mahā-pathe (m. loc. sg.) along the highway; padmam (n. nom. sg.) a lotus; tatra (indec.) there; tu (indec.) and; jāyeta (3rd. sg. opt. pass.) might arise; śuci-gandhi (n. nom. sg.) pure and fragrant; mano-ramam (n. nom. sg.) delighting the mind.
evaṁ saṁkārabhūte ’sminn, andhabhūte pṛthagjane,
so amongst the worthless in this (world), the blind and ordinary folk,
prajñayā vyatirocante Samyaksaṁbuddhaśrāvakāḥ. 18.13
the Perfectly Awakened One’s disciples shine forth with their wisdom.
Evam (indec.) so; saṁkāra-bhūte (m. loc. sg.) amongst the worthless; asmin (m. loc. sg. dem. pron.) in this; andha-bhūte (m. loc. sg.) amongst the blind; pṛthag-jane (m. loc. sg.) amongst the ordinary folk; prajñayā (f. inst. sg.) with wisdom; vyatirocante (3rd. pl. pres.) shine forth; Samyak-saṁbuddha-śrāvakāḥ (m. nom. pl.) the Perfectly Awakened One’s disciples.
Yathā saṅkāradhānasmiṁ ujjhitasmiṁ mahāpathe
Just as in a discarded rubbish heap along the highway
padumaṁ tattha jāyetha, sucigandhaṁ manoramaṁ,
a lotus might arise there, pure, fragrant, delighting the mind,
evaṁ saṅkārabhūtesu, andhabhūte puthujjane,
so amongst the worthless, blind and ordinary folk,
atirocati paññāya Sammāsambuddhasāvako.
the Perfectly Awakened One’s disciple shines forth with his wisdom.
[380 ≈ Dhp 47]
[stm. + sim.]
Puṣpāṇy eva pracinvantaṁ vyāsaktamanasaṁ naram
The person whose mind is attached to collecting flowers
suptaṁ grāmaṁ mahaughaiva, mṛtyur ādāya gacchati. 18.14
death takes up and carries off, like a flood carries off a sleeping village.
Puṣpāṇi (n. acc. pl.) flowers; eva (indec.) indeed; pracinvantam (m. acc. sg. prp.) one who is collecting; vyāsakta-manasam (m. acc. sg.) one whose mind is attached; naram (m. acc. sg.) a person; suptam (m. acc. sg. pp.) sleeping; grāmam (m. acc. sg.) a village; mahā-oghaḥ (m. nom. sg.) a great flood; iva (indec.) like; mṛtyuḥ (m. nom. sg.) death; ādāya (abs.) takes up; gacchati (3rd. sg. pres.) carries off.
Pupphāni heva pacinantaṁ byāsattamanasaṁ naraṁ
The person whose mind is attached to collecting flowers The comm. defines them: pañcakāmaguṇasaṅkhātāni pupphāni, flowers are reckoned as the five strands of sensual desire.
suttaṁ gāmaṁ mahogho va, maccu ādāya gacchati.
death takes up and carries off, like a flood carries off a sleeping village.
Bernhard includes a partial verse after this one, which includes the exact same words from naraṁ onwards, and notes it is maybe a repetition, which is what it seems to be. I omit it here as adding nothing.
[382 ≈ Dhp 48]
[stm. + ana.]
Puṣpāṇy eva pracinvantaṁ vyāsaktamanasaṁ naram,
The person whose mind is attached to collecting flowers,
atṛptam eva kāmeṣu – tv Antakaḥ kurute vaśam. 18.15
truly unsated with desires – (over him) the End-Maker wields his influence. If we put this in prose order it becomes clearer: Antakaḥ tu vaśam kurute naram pracinvantam puṣpāṇi eva vyāsaktamanasam atṛptam eva kāmeṣu; the End-Maker wields his influence over the person whose mind is attached to collecting flowers, who is truly unsated with desires.
Puṣpāṇi (n. acc. pl.) flowers; eva (indec.) indeed; pracinvantam (m. acc. sg. prp.) one who is collecting; vyāsakta-manasam (m. acc. sg.) one whose mind is attached; naram (m. acc. sg.) a person; a-tṛptam (m. acc. sg.) unsated; eva (indec.) truly; kāmeṣu (m. loc. pl.) with desires; tu (euphonic particle); Antakaḥ (m. nom. sg.) the End-Maker (Death); kurute (3rd. sg. pres.) wields; vaśam (n. acc. sg.) influence.
Pupphāni heva pacinantaṁ byāsattamanasaṁ naraṁ,
The person whose mind is attached to collecting flowers,
atittaṁ yeva kāmesu – Antako kurute vasaṁ.
truly unsated with desires – (over him) the End-Maker wields his influence.
[383 cf. Dhp 48]
[stm. + ana.]
Puṣpāṇy eva pracinvantaṁ vyāsaktamanasaṁ naram,
The person whose mind is attached to collecting flowers,
anutpanneṣu bhogeṣu – tv Antakaḥ kurute vaśam. 18.16
amongst riches that have not arisen – (over him) the End-Maker wields his influence.
Puṣpāṇi (n. acc. pl.) flowers; eva (indec.) indeed; pracinvantam (m. acc. sg. prp.) one who is collecting; vyāsakta-manasam (m. acc. sg.) one whose mind is attached; naram (m. acc. sg.) a person; an-utpanneṣu (m. loc. pl. pp.) amongst what has not arisen; bhogeṣu (m. loc. pl.) amongst riches; tu (euphonic particle); Antakaḥ (m. nom. sg.) the End-Maker (Death); kurute (3rd. sg. pres.) wields; vaśam (n. acc. sg.) influence.
Pupphāni heva pacinantaṁ byāsattamanasaṁ naraṁ,
The person whose mind is attached to collecting flowers,
atittaṁ yeva kāmesu – Antako kurute vasaṁ.
truly unsated with desires – (over him) the End-Maker wields his influence.
[384 cf. Dhp 46 below]
[stm. + sim.]
Kumbhopamaṁ kāyam imaṁ viditvā, This line is parallel to Dhp 40a: Kumbhūpamaṁ kāyam-imaṁ viditvā. marīcidharmaṁ paribudhya caiva,
Understanding this body is like a jar, fully understanding its mirage-like nature,
chitveha Mārasya tu puṣpakāṇi, tv adarśanaṁ mṛtyurājasya gacchet. 18.17
cutting off Māra’s flowers here, one can go beyond sight of the King of Death.
Kumbha-upamam (n. nom. sg.) like a jar; kāyam (m. acc. sg.) the body; imam (m. acc. sg. dem. pron.) this; viditvā (abs.) understanding; marīci-dharmam (m. acc. sg.) mirage-like nature; paribudhya (abs.) having fully understood; ca (indec.) and; eva (indec.) indeed; chitvā (abs.) cutting off; iha (indec.) here; Mārasya (m. gen. sg.) of Māra; tu (indec.) but; puṣpakāṇi (n. acc. pl.) flowers; tv (separator); a-darśanam (n. acc. sg.) the not-seeing; mṛtyu-rājasya (m. gen. sg.) of the King of Death; gacchet (3rd. sg. opt.) one can go.
Pheṇūpamaṁ kāyam-imaṁ viditvā, marīcidhammaṁ abhisambudhāno,
Understanding that this body is like foam, fully understanding its mirage-like nature,
chetvāna Mārassa papupphakāni, adassanaṁ Maccurājassa gacche.
cutting off Māra’s flower-tipped arrows, one can go beyond sight of the King of Death.
[385 ≈ Dhp 46]
[stm. + sim.]
Phenopamaṁ kāyam imaṁ viditvā, marīcidharmaṁ paribudhya caiva,
Understanding that this body is just like foam, fully understanding its mirage-like nature,
chitveha Mārasya tu puṣpakāṇi, tv adarśanaṁ mṛtyurājasya gacchet. 18.18
cutting off Māra’s flowers here, one can go beyond sight of the King of Death.
Phena-upamam (n. nom. sg.) like foam; kāyam (m. acc. sg.) the body; imam (m. acc. sg. dem. pron.) this; viditvā (abs.) having understood; marīci-dharmam (m. acc. sg.) mirage-like nature; paribudhya (abs.) fully understanding; ca (indec.) and; eva (indec.) indeed; chitvā (abs.) cutting off; iha (indec.) here; Mārasya (m. gen. sg.) of Māra; tv (separator); puṣpakāṇi (n. acc. pl.) flowers; tv (separator); a-darśanam (n. acc. sg.) the not-seeing; mṛtyu-rājasya (m. gen. sg.) of the King of Death; gacchet (3rd. sg. opt.) one can go.
Pheṇūpamaṁ kāyam-imaṁ viditvā, marīcidhammaṁ abhisambudhāno,
Understanding that this body is just like foam, fully understanding its mirage-like nature,
chetvāna Mārassa papupphakāni, adassanaṁ Maccurājassa gacche.
cutting off Māra’s flower-tipped arrows, one can go beyond sight of the King of Death.
[386 cf. Dhp 46 above]
[stm. + sim.]
Kumbhopamaṁ lokam imaṁ viditvā, marīcidharmaṁ paribudhya caiva,
Understanding this world is like a jar, fully understanding its mirage-like nature,
chitveha Mārasya tu puṣpakāṇi, tv adarśanaṁ mṛtyurājasya gacchet. 18.19
cutting off Māra’s flowers here, one can go beyond sight of the King of Death.
Kumbha-upamam (n. nom. sg.) like a jar; lokam (m. acc. sg.) the world; imam (m. acc. sg. dem. pron.) this; viditvā (abs.) having understood; marīci-dharmam (m. acc. sg.) mirage-like nature; paribudhya (abs.) fully understanding; ca (indec.) and; eva (indec.) indeed; chitvā (abs.) cutting off; iha (indec.) here; Mārasya (m. gen. sg.) of Māra; tv (separator); puṣpakāṇi (n. acc. pl.) flowers; tv (separator); a-darśanam (n. acc. sg.) the not-seeing; mṛtyu-rājasya (m. gen. sg.) of the King of Death; gacchet (3rd. sg. opt.) one can go.
[387 ≈ Dhp 46]
[stm. + sim.]
Phenopamaṁ lokam imaṁ viditvā, marīcidharmaṁ paribudhya caiva,
Understanding that this world is just like foam, fully understanding its mirage-like nature,
chitveha mārasya tu puṣpakāṇi, tv adarśanaṁ Mṛtyurājasya gacchet. 18.20
cutting off Māra’s flowers here, one can go beyond sight of the King of Death.
Phena-upamam (n. nom. sg.) like foam; lokam (m. acc. sg.) the world; imam (m. acc. sg. dem. pron.) this; viditvā (abs.) having understood; marīci-dharmam (m. acc. sg.) mirage-like nature; paribudhya (abs.) fully understanding; ca (indec.) and; eva (indec.) indeed; chitvā (abs.) cutting off; iha (indec.) here; Mārasya (m. gen. sg.) of Māra; tv (separator); puṣpakāṇi (n. acc. pl.) flowers; tv (separator); a-darśanam (n. acc. sg.) the state of not being seen; mṛtyu-rājasya (m. gen. sg.) of the King of Death; gacchet (3rd. sg. opt.) one can go.
Pheṇūpamaṁ kāyam-imaṁ viditvā, marīcidhammaṁ abhisambudhāno,
Understanding that this body is just like foam, fully understanding its mirage-nature,
chetvāna Mārassa papupphakāni, adassanaṁ Maccurājassa gacche.
cutting off Māra’s flower-tipped arrows, one can go beyond sight of the King of Death.
[388 ≈ Snp 5]
[stm. + sim.]
Yo nādhyagamad bhaveṣu sāraṁ, buddhvā puṣpam udumbarasya yadvat,
The one who has not found an essence in existences, like one understanding a fig tree does not find a flower,
sa tu bhikṣur idaṁ jahāty apāraṁ, hy urago jīrṇam iva tvacaṁ purāṇam. 18.21
that monastic abandons the near shore, like a snake abandons its old, worn-out skin.
Yaḥ (m. nom. sg. rel. pron.) one who; na (indec.) not; adhyagamad (3rd. sg. aor.) found; bhaveṣu (m. loc. pl.) in existences; sāram (m. acc. sg.) essence; buddhvā (abs.) understanding; puṣpam (n. acc. sg.) a flower; udumbarasya (m. gen. sg.) of the fig tree; yadvat (indec.) just as; saḥ (m. nom. sg. dem. pron.) that; tu (metrical filler); bhikṣuḥ (m. nom. sg.) a monastic; idam (n. nom. sg. dem. pron.) this ; jahāti (3rd. sg. pres.) abandons; a-pāram (n. acc. sg.) the near shore; hy (euphonic particle); uragaḥ (m. nom. sg.) a snake; jīrṇam (f. acc. sg.) worn-out; iva (indec.) like; tvacam (f. acc. sg.) skin; purāṇam (f. acc. sg.) old.
Yo nājjhagamā bhavesu sāraṁ, vicinaṁ puppham-iva udumbaresu,
That one who has not found an essence in existences, like one considering a fig tree does not find a flower,
so bhikkhu jahāti orapāraṁ, urago jiṇṇam-iva tacaṁ purāṇaṁ.
that monastic abandons the near and far shore, like a snake abandons its old, worn-out skin.
[389 ≈ Snp 2]
[stm. + sim.]
Yo rāgam udācchinatty aśeṣaṁ, bisapuṣpam iva jaleruhaṁ vigāhya,
The one who severs passion without remainder, as one entering (a lake) severs a lotus growing in water,
sa tu bhikṣur idaṁ jahāty apāraṁ, hy urago jīrṇam iva tvacaṁ purāṇam. 18.21A
that monastic abandons the near shore, like a snake abandons its old, worn-out skin.
Yaḥ (m. nom. sg. rel. pron.) one who; rāgam (m. acc. sg.) passion; udācchinatti (3rd. sg. pres.) severs; a-śeṣam (m. acc. sg.) without remainder; bisa-puṣpam (n. acc. sg.) a lotus flower; iva (indec.) like; jale-ruham (m. acc. sg.) water-growing; vigāhya (abs.) entering; saḥ (m. nom. sg. dem. pron.) that; tu (metrical filler); bhikṣuḥ (m. nom. sg.) a monastic; idam (n. nom. sg. dem. pron.) this ; jahāti (3rd. sg. pres.) abandons; a-pāram (n. acc. sg.) the near shore; hy (euphonic particle); uragaḥ (m. nom. sg.) a snake; jīrṇam (f. acc. sg.) worn-out; iva (indec.) like; tvacam (f. acc. sg.) skin; purāṇam (f. acc. sg.) old.
Yo rāgam udacchidā asesaṁ, bhisapupphaṁ va saroruhaṁ vigayha,
The one who severs passion without remainder, as one entering (a lake) severs a lotus in a lake,
so bhikkhu jahāti orapāraṁ, urago jiṇṇam-iva tacaṁ purāṇaṁ.
that monastic abandons the near and far shore, like a snake abandons its old, worn-out skin.
[390 cf. Snp 2]
[stm. + sim.]
Yo dveṣam udācchinatty aśeṣaṁ, bisapuṣpam iva jaleruhaṁ vigāhya,
The one who severs hatred without remainder, as one entering (a lake) severs a lotus growing in water,
sa tu bhikṣur idaṁ jahāty apāraṁ, hy urago jīrṇam iva tvacaṁ purāṇam. 18.21B
that monastic abandons the near shore, like a snake abandons its old, worn-out skin.
Yaḥ (m. nom. sg. rel. pron.) one who; dveṣam (m. acc. sg.) hatred; udācchinatti (3rd. sg. pres.) severs; a-śeṣam (m. acc. sg.) without remainder; bisa-puṣpam (n. acc. sg.) a lotus flower; iva (indec.) like; jale-ruham (m. acc. sg.) water-growing; vigāhya (abs.) entering; saḥ (m. nom. sg. dem. pron.) that; tu (metrical filler); bhikṣuḥ (m. nom. sg.) a monastic; idam (n. nom. sg. dem. pron.) this ; jahāti (3rd. sg. pres.) abandons; a-pāram (n. acc. sg.) the near shore; hy (euphonic particle); uragaḥ (m. nom. sg.) a snake; jīrṇam (f. acc. sg.) worn-out; iva (indec.) like; tvacam (f. acc. sg.) skin; purāṇam (f. acc. sg.) old.
[391 cf. Snp 2]
[stm. + sim.]
Yo moham udācchinatty aśeṣaṁ, bisapuṣpam iva jaleruhaṁ vigāhya,
The one who severs delusion without remainder, as one entering (a lake) severs a lotus growing in water,
sa tu bhikṣur idaṁ jahāty apāraṁ, hy urago jīrṇam iva tvacaṁ purāṇam. 18.21C
that monastic abandons the near shore, like a snake abandons its old, worn-out skin.
Yaḥ (m. nom. sg. rel. pron.) one who; moham (m. acc. sg.) delusion; udācchinatti (3rd. sg. pres.) severs; a-śeṣam (m. acc. sg.) without remainder; bisa-puṣpam (n. acc. sg.) a lotus flower; iva (indec.) like; jale-ruham (m. acc. sg.) water-growing; vigāhya (abs.) entering; saḥ (m. nom. sg. dem. pron.) that; tu (metrical filler); bhikṣuḥ (m. nom. sg.) a monastic; idam (n. nom. sg. dem. pron.) this ; jahāti (3rd. sg. pres.) abandons; a-pāram (n. acc. sg.) the near shore; hy (euphonic particle); uragaḥ (m. nom. sg.) a snake; jīrṇam (f. acc. sg.) worn-out; iva (indec.) like; tvacam (f. acc. sg.) skin; purāṇam (f. acc. sg.) old.
[392 cf. Snp 2]
[stm. + sim.]
Yo mānam udācchinatty aśeṣaṁ, bisapuṣpam iva jaleruhaṁ vigāhya,
The one who severs conceit without remainder, as one entering (a lake) severs a lotus growing in water,
sa tu bhikṣur idaṁ jahāty apāraṁ, hy urago jīrṇam iva tvacaṁ purāṇam. 18.21D
that monastic abandons the near shore, like a snake abandons its old, worn-out skin.
Yaḥ (m. nom. sg. rel. pron.) one who; mānam (m. acc. sg.) conceit; udācchinatti (3rd. sg. pres.) severs; a-śeṣam (m. acc. sg.) without remainder; bisa-puṣpam (n. acc. sg.) a lotus flower; iva (indec.) like; jale-ruham (m. acc. sg.) water-growing; vigāhya (abs.) entering; saḥ (m. nom. sg. dem. pron.) that; tu (metrical filler); bhikṣuḥ (m. nom. sg.) a monastic; idam (n. nom. sg. dem. pron.) this ; jahāti (3rd. sg. pres.) abandons; a-pāram (n. acc. sg.) the near shore; hy (euphonic particle); uragaḥ (m. nom. sg.) a snake; jīrṇam (f. acc. sg.) worn-out; iva (indec.) like; tvacam (f. acc. sg.) skin; purāṇam (f. acc. sg.) old.
[393 cf. Snp 2]
[stm. + sim.]
Yo lobham udācchinatty aśeṣaṁ, bisapuṣpam iva jaleruhaṁ vigāhya,
The one who severs greed without remainder, as one entering (a lake) severs a lotus growing in water,
sa tu bhikṣur idaṁ jahāty apāraṁ, hy urago jīrṇam iva tvacaṁ purāṇam. 18.21E
that monastic abandons the near shore, like a snake abandons its old, worn-out skin.
Yaḥ (m. nom. sg. rel. pron.) one who; lobham (m. acc. sg.) greed; udācchinatti (3rd. sg. pres.) severs; a-śeṣam (m. acc. sg.) without remainder; bisa-puṣpam (n. acc. sg.) a lotus flower; iva (indec.) like; jale-ruham (m. acc. sg.) water-growing; vigāhya (abs.) entering; saḥ (m. nom. sg. dem. pron.) that; tu (metrical filler); bhikṣuḥ (m. nom. sg.) a monastic; idam (n. nom. sg. dem. pron.) this ; jahāti (3rd. sg. pres.) abandons; a-pāram (n. acc. sg.) the near shore; hy (euphonic particle); uragaḥ (m. nom. sg.) a snake; jīrṇam (f. acc. sg.) worn-out; iva (indec.) like; tvacam (f. acc. sg.) skin; purāṇam (f. acc. sg.) old.
[394 ≈ Snp 3]
[stm. + sim.]
Tṛṣṇāṁ ya udācchinatty aśeṣaṁ, bisapuṣpam iva jaleruhaṁ vigāhya,
The one who severs craving without remainder, as one entering (a lake) severs a lotus growing in water,
sa tu bhikṣur idaṁ jahāty apāraṁ, hy urago jīrṇam iva tvacaṁ purāṇam. 18.21F
that monastic abandons the near shore, like a snake abandons its old, worn-out skin.
Tṛṣṇām (f. acc. sg.) craving; yaḥ (m. nom. sg. rel. pron.) one who; udācchinatti (3rd. sg. pres.) severs; a-śeṣam (m. acc. sg.) without remainder; bisa-puṣpam (n. acc. sg.) a lotus flower; iva (indec.) like; jale-ruham (m. acc. sg.) water-growing; vigāhya (abs.) entering; saḥ (m. nom. sg. dem. pron.) that; tu (metrical filler); bhikṣuḥ (m. nom. sg.) a monastic; idam (n. nom. sg. dem. pron.) this ; jahāti (3rd. sg. pres.) abandons; a-pāram (n. acc. sg.) the near shore; hy (euphonic particle); uragaḥ (m. nom. sg.) a snake; jīrṇam (f. acc. sg.) worn-out; iva (indec.) like; tvacam (f. acc. sg.) skin; purāṇam (f. acc. sg.) old.
Puṣpavargaḥ, 18
The Chapter about Flowers, the Eighteenth