23. Ātmavarga
The Chapter about the Self
(26 Verses)
[477 ≈ SN 2.1:1]
[adm.]
Subhāṣitasya śikṣeta, śramaṇopāsanasya ca,
One should train in well-spoken words, and attendance on ascetics,
ekāsanasya ca rahaś, cittavyupaśamasya ca. 23.1
in sitting alone in solitude, and in calming down the mind.
Su-bhāṣitasya (n. gen. sg.) of well-spoken words; śikṣeta (3rd. sg. opt.) one should train; śramaṇa-upāsanasya (n. gen. sg.) for attendance on ascetics; ca (indec.) and; eka-āsanasya (n. gen. sg.) of sitting alone; ca (indec.) and; rahaḥ (indec.) in solitude; citta-vyupaśamasya (n. gen. sg.) of calming the mind; ca (indec.) and.
Subhāsitassa sikkhetha, samaṇūpāsanassa ca,
You should train in well-spoken words, and attendance on ascetics,
ekāsanassa ca raho, cittavūpasamassa ca.
in sitting alone in solitude, and in calming down the mind.
[478 ≈ Dhp 305]
[adm.]
Ekāsanaṁ tv ekaśayyām, ekacaryām atandritaḥ,
Sitting alone, lying alone, living solitary and diligent,
ramayec caikam ātmānaṁ, vaneṣv ekaḥ sadā vaset. 23.2
one should delight in solitude oneself, and should always live alone in the forests.
Eka-āsanam (n. acc. sg.) sitting alone; tv (euphonic particle); eka-śayyām (f. acc. sg.) lying alone; eka-caryām (f. acc. sg.) living solitary; a-tandritaḥ (m. nom. sg.) diligent; ramayet (3rd. sg. opt.) should delight; ca (indec.) and; ekam (m. acc. sg. num.) solitude; ātmānam (m. acc. sg.) oneself; vaneṣu (n. loc. pl.) in the forests; ekaḥ (m. nom. sg.) alone; sadā (indec.) always; vaset (3rd. sg. opt.) should live.
Ekāsanaṁ ekaseyyaṁ, eko caram-atandito,
Sitting alone, lying alone, living solitary and diligent,
eko damayam-attānaṁ vanante ramito siyā.
the solitary one who trains himself will delight in the edge of a forest.
[479 ≈ Dhp 103]
[adm. + ana.]
Yaḥ sahasraṁ sahasrāṇāṁ saṁgrāme dviṣatāṁ jayet,
There is the one who might conquer a thousand times a thousand enemies in battle,
yaś cātmānaṁ jayed ekaṁ – saṁgrāmo durjayaḥ sa vai. 23.3
and there is the one who might conquer his own self – that is a battle indeed hard to win.
Yaḥ (m. nom. sg. rel. pron.) one who; sahasram (n. acc. sg.) a thousand; sahasrāṇām (m. gen. pl.) of thousands; saṁgrāme (m. loc. sg.) in battle; dviṣatām (m. gen. pl.) of enemies; jayet (3rd. sg. opt.) one might conquer; yaḥ (m. nom. sg. rel. pron.) one who; ca (indec.) and; ātmānam (m. acc. sg.) oneself; jayed (3rd. sg. opt.) one might conquer; ekam (m. acc. num. sg.) one; saṁgrāmaḥ (m. nom. sg.) battle; dur-jayaḥ (m. nom. sg.) hard to win; saḥ (m. nom. sg. dem. pron.) that one; vai (indec.) indeed.
Yo sahassaṁ sahassena saṅgāme mānuse jine,
There is the one who may conquer a thousand times a thousand men in battle,
ekañ-ca jeyya attānaṁ – sa ve saṅgāmajuttamo.
but there is the one who might conquer his own self – that one indeed is supreme in battle.
[480-481 ≈ Dhp 104-105]
[stm.]
Ātmā hy asya jitaḥ śreyāṁ yac ceyam itarāḥ prajāḥ,
Victory over oneself is better than that over other people,
ātmadāntasya puruṣasya, nityaṁ saṁvṛtacāriṇaḥ, 23.4
for the person who trains himself, who lives constantly well-restrained,
Ātmā (m. nom. sg.) the self; hi (indec.) for; asya (m. gen. sg. dem. pron.) his; jitaḥ (m. nom. sg. pp.) victory; śreyāḥ (n. nom. sg.) better; yat (n. nom. sg. rel. pron.) which; ca (indec.) and; iyam (f. nom. sg. dem. pron.) this; itarāḥ (f. nom. pl.) other; prajāḥ (f. nom. pl.) people; ātma-dāntasya (m. gen. sg.) for one who trains; puruṣasya (m. gen. sg.) for a person; nityam (indec.) constantly; saṁvṛta-cāriṇaḥ (m. gen. sg.) for one who lives well-restrained.
na Devā nāpi Gandharvā na Māro Brāhmaṇā saha,
neither Devas, nor Gandharvas, not Māra together with Brahmins,
jitasyāpajitaṁ kuryus, tathā prājñasya bhikṣuṇaḥ. 23.5
can turn victory into defeat, for such a wise monastic.
Na (indec.) not; Devāḥ (m. nom. pl.) the Devas; na (indec.) nor; api (indec.) also; Gandharvāḥ (m. nom. pl.) the Gandharvas; na (indec.) not; Māraḥ (m. nom. sg.) Māra; Brāhmaṇāḥ (m. nom. pl.) Brahmins; saha (indec.) together with; jitasya (m. gen. sg. pp.) victory; apajitam (n. acc. sg.) defeat; kuryuḥ (3rd. pl. opt.) they could turn; tathā (indec.) such; prājñasya (m. gen. sg.) for the wise one; bhikṣuṇaḥ (m. gen. sg.) for the monastic.
Attā have jitaṁ seyyo yā cāyaṁ itarā pajā,
Victory over self is better than that over other people,
attadantassa posassa, niccaṁ saññatacārino,
for the person who trains himself, who lives constantly well-restrained,
neva Devo na Gandhabbo, na Māro saha Brahmunā,
neither Deva, nor Gandhabba, not Māra together with Brahma,
jitaṁ apajitaṁ kayirā tathārūpassa jantuno.
can turn conquest into defeat for such a person like this.
[482 cf. Dhp 158]
[adm. + sim.]
Ātmānam eva prathamaṁ pratirūpe niveśayet,
First one should establish oneself in what is suitable,
tato ’nyam anuśāsīta, . . . . yathā hy ah . 23.6
then one can advise another, . . . . just as …
Ātmānam (m. acc. sg.) oneself; eva (indec.) indeed; prathamam (indec.) first; pratirūpe (n. loc. sg.) in what is suitable; niveśayet (3rd. sg. opt.) one should establish; tataḥ (indec.) afterwards; anyam (m. acc. sg.) another; anuśāsīta (3rd. sg. opt.) one can advise … yathā (indec.) just as; hy (separator) …
[483 ≈ Dhp 158]
[adm.]
Ātmānam eva prathamaṁ pratirūpe niveśayet,
First one should establish oneself in what is suitable,
tato ’nyam anuśāsīta, na kliśyeta hi paṇḍitaḥ. 23.7
afterwards one can advise another, for the wise one should not be defiled.
Ātmānam (m. acc. sg.) oneself; eva (indec.) indeed; prathamam (indec.) first; pratirūpe (n. loc. sg.) in what is suitable; niveśayet (3rd. sg. opt.) one should establish; tataḥ (indec.) afterwards; anyam (m. acc. sg.) another; anuśāsīta (3rd. sg. opt.) one can advise; na (indec.) not; kliśyeta (3rd. sg. opt. pass.) should be defiled; hi (indec.) for; paṇḍitaḥ (m. nom. sg.) the wise one.
Attānam-eva paṭhamaṁ patirūpe nivesaye,
First one should establish oneself in what is suitable,
athaññam-anusāseyya, na kilisseyya paṇḍito.
then one can advise another, the wise one should not be defiled.
[484 ≈ Dhp 159]
[adm.]
Ātmānaṁ hi tathā kuryāc chāsītānyaṁ yathā svayam,
One should do oneself as one would advise another to do,
sudānto bata me nityam: ātmā sa hi sudurdamaḥ. 23.8
being constantly well-trained: for the self is very difficult to train.
Ātmānam (m. acc. sg.) oneself; hi (indec.) for; tathā (indec.) in that way; kuryāt (3rd. sg. opt.) one should do; śāsīta (3rd. sg. opt.) one would advise; anyam (m. acc. sg.) another; yathā (indec.) just as; svayam (indec.) one; su-dāntaḥ (m. nom. sg.) well-trained; bata (indec.) indeed; me (gen. sg. pers. pron.) my; nityam (indec.) constantly; ātmā (m. nom. sg.) the self; saḥ (m. nom. sg. dem. pron.) that; hi (indec.) for; su-dur-damaḥ (m. nom. sg.) very difficult to train.
Attānañ-ce tathā kayirā yathaññam-anusāsati,
If one would do oneself as one would advise another to do,
sudanto vata dametha, attā hi kira duddamo.
verily the well-trained one should train, for the self is difficult to train.
[485 cf. Dhp 159 above]
[adm.]
Ātmānaṁ hi tathā kuryāc chāsītānyaṁ yathā svayam,
One should do oneself as one would advise another to do,
ātmā dānto mayā nityam, ātmadānto hi paṇḍitaḥ. 23.9
being constantly trained by oneself, for a trained self is wise.
Ātmānam (m. acc. sg.) oneself; hi (indec.) for; tathā (indec.) in that way; kuryāt (3rd. sg. opt.) one should do; śāsīta (3rd. sg. opt.) one would advise; anyam (m. acc. sg.) another; yathā (indec.) just as; svayam (indec.) oneself; ātmā (m. nom. sg.) the self; dāntaḥ (m. nom. sg. pp.) trained; mayā (inst. sg. pers. pron.) by oneself; nityam (indec.) constantly; ātma-dāntaḥ (m. nom. sg.) self-tamed; hi (indec.) for; paṇḍitaḥ (m. nom. sg.) a wise one.
[486 ≈ Dhp 166]
[adm.]
Ātmano ’rthaṁ parārthena bahunāpi na hāpayet,
One should not neglect one’s own goal for the sake of another, however great,
ātmārthaṁ paramaṁ jñātvā, svakārthaparamo bhavet. 23.10
knowing that one’s goal is supreme, be one for whom his goal is supreme.
Ātmanaḥ (m. gen. sg.) of oneself; artham (m. acc. sg.) the goal; para-arthena (m. inst. sg.) for the sake of another; bahunā (m. inst. sg.) by much; api (indec.) however; na (indec.) not; hāpayet (3rd. sg. opt.) one should neglect; ātma-artham (m. acc. sg.) one’s own goal; paramam (m. acc. sg.) supreme; jñātvā (abs.) knowing; svaka-artha-paramaḥ (m. nom. sg.) one whose goal is supreme; bhavet (3rd. sg. opt.) be one.
Atta-d-atthaṁ paratthena bahunā pi na hāpaye,
One should not neglect one’s own goal for the sake of another’s goal, however great,
atta-d-attham-abhiññāya, sa-d-atthapasuto siyā.
having super knowledge as one’s own goal, one should be intent on the goal.
[487 ≈ Dhp 160]
[rh.q.]
Ātmā tv ihātmano nāthaḥ, ko nu nāthaḥ paro bhavet?
The self is the protector of self here, for who else could be a protector?
Ātmanā hi sudāntena, nāthaṁ labhati paṇḍitaḥ. 23.11
Through training oneself well, a wise one obtains a protector.
Ātmā (m. nom. sg.) the self; tv (separator); iha (indec.) here; ātmanaḥ (m. gen. sg.) of oneself; nāthaḥ (m. nom. sg.) protector; kaḥ (m. nom. sg. inter. pron.) who?; nu (indec.) indeed; nāthaḥ (m. nom. sg.) protector; paraḥ (m. nom. sg.) other; bhavet (3rd. sg. opt.) would there be; ātmanā (m. inst. sg.) through oneself; hi (metrical filler); su-dāntena (m. inst. sg.) through training well; nātham (m. acc. sg.) a protector; labhati (3rd. sg. pres.) obtains; paṇḍitaḥ (m. nom. sg.) the wise one.
Attā hi attano nātho, ko hi nātho paro siyā?
The self is the protector of self here, for who else could be a protector?
Attanā va sudantena, nāthaṁ labhati dullabhaṁ.
Through training oneself well, one obtains a protector hard to find.
[488 From here till the end of the chapter all fourteen verses are variations on the verse above. ]
[rh.q.]
Ātmā tv ihātmano nāthaḥ, ko nu nāthaḥ paro bhavet?
The self is the protector of self here, for who else could be a protector?
Ātmanā hi sudāntena, arthaṁ labhati paṇḍitaḥ. 23.12
Through training oneself well, a wise one obtains the goal.
Ātmā (m. nom. sg.) the self; tv (separator); iha (indec.) here; ātmanaḥ (m. gen. sg.) of oneself; nāthaḥ (m. nom. sg.) protector; kaḥ (m. nom. sg. inter. pron.) who?; nu (indec.) indeed; nāthaḥ (m. nom. sg.) protector; paraḥ (m. nom. sg.) other; bhavet (3rd. sg. opt.) would there be; ātmanā (m. inst. sg.) through oneself; hi (metrical filler); su-dāntena (m. inst. sg.) through training well; artham (m. acc. sg.) the goal; labhati (3rd. sg. pres.) obtains; paṇḍitaḥ (m. nom. sg.) the wise one.
[489]
[rh.q.]
Ātmā tv ihātmano nāthaḥ, ko nu nāthaḥ paro bhavet?
The self is the protector of self here, for who else could be a protector?
Ātmanā hi sudāntena, Dharmaṁ labhati paṇḍitaḥ. 23.13
Through training oneself well, a wise one obtains the Dharma.
Ātmā (m. nom. sg.) the self; tv (separator); iha (indec.) here; ātmanaḥ (m. gen. sg.) of oneself; nāthaḥ (m. nom. sg.) protector; kaḥ (m. nom. sg. inter. pron.) who?; nu (indec.) indeed; nāthaḥ (m. nom. sg.) protector; paraḥ (m. nom. sg.) other; bhavet (3rd. sg. opt.) would there be; ātmanā (m. inst. sg.) through oneself; hi (metrical filler); su-dāntena (m. inst. sg.) through training well; Dharmam (m. acc. sg.) the Dharma; labhati (3rd. sg. pres.) obtains; paṇḍitaḥ (m. nom. sg.) the wise one.
[490]
[rh.q.]
Ātmā tv ihātmano nāthaḥ, ko nu nāthaḥ paro bhavet?
The self is the protector of self here, for who else could be a protector?
Ātmanā hi sudāntena, yaśo labhati paṇḍitaḥ. 23.14
Through training oneself well, a wise one obtains fame.
Ātmā (m. nom. sg.) the self; tv (separator); iha (indec.) here; ātmanaḥ (m. gen. sg.) of oneself; nāthaḥ (m. nom. sg.) protector; kaḥ (m. nom. sg. inter. pron.) who?; nu (indec.) indeed; nāthaḥ (m. nom. sg.) protector; paraḥ (m. nom. sg.) other; bhavet (3rd. sg. opt.) would there be; ātmanā (m. inst. sg.) through oneself; hi (metrical filler); su-dāntena (m. inst. sg.) through training well; yaśaḥ (m. acc. sg.) fame; labhati (3rd. sg. pres.) obtains; paṇḍitaḥ (m. nom. sg.) the wise one.
[491]
[rh.q.]
Ātmā tv ihātmano nāthaḥ, ko nu nāthaḥ paro bhavet?
The self is the protector of self here, for who else could be a protector?
Ātmanā hi sudāntena, kīrtiṁ labhati paṇḍitaḥ. 23.15
Through training oneself well, a wise one obtains renown.
Ātmā (m. nom. sg.) the self; tv (separator); iha (indec.) here; ātmanaḥ (m. gen. sg.) of oneself; nāthaḥ (m. nom. sg.) protector; kaḥ (m. nom. sg. inter. pron.) who?; nu (indec.) indeed; nāthaḥ (m. nom. sg.) protector; paraḥ (m. nom. sg.) other; bhavet (3rd. sg. opt.) would there be; ātmanā (m. inst. sg.) through oneself; hi (metrical filler); su-dāntena (m. inst. sg.) through training well; kīrtim (f. acc. sg.) renown; labhati (3rd. sg. pres.) obtains; paṇḍitaḥ (m. nom. sg.) the wise one.
[492]
[rh.q.]
Ātmā tv ihātmano nāthaḥ, ko nu nāthaḥ paro bhavet?
The self is the protector of self here, for who else could be a protector?
Ātmanā hi sudāntena, sukhāṁ labhati paṇḍitaḥ. 23.16
Through training oneself well, a wise one obtains happiness.
Ātmā (m. nom. sg.) the self; tv (separator); iha (indec.) here; ātmanaḥ (m. gen. sg.) of oneself; nāthaḥ (m. nom. sg.) protector; kaḥ (m. nom. sg. inter. pron.) who?; nu (indec.) indeed; nāthaḥ (m. nom. sg.) protector; paraḥ (m. nom. sg.) other; bhavet (3rd. sg. opt.) would there be; ātmanā (m. inst. sg.) through oneself; hi (metrical filler); su-dāntena (m. inst. sg.) through training well; sukhām (n. acc. coll. sg.) happiness; labhati (3rd. sg. pres.) obtains; paṇḍitaḥ (m. nom. sg.) the wise one.
[493]
[rh.q.]
Ātmā tv ihātmano nāthaḥ, ko nu nāthaḥ paro bhavet?
The self is the protector of self here, for who else could be a protector?
Ātmanā hi sudāntena, svargaṁ labhati paṇḍitaḥ. 23.17
Through training oneself well, a wise one obtains heaven.
Ātmā (m. nom. sg.) the self; tv (separator); iha (indec.) here; ātmanaḥ (m. gen. sg.) of oneself; nāthaḥ (m. nom. sg.) protector; kaḥ (m. nom. sg. inter. pron.) who?; nu (indec.) indeed; nāthaḥ (m. nom. sg.) protector; paraḥ (m. nom. sg.) other; bhavet (3rd. sg. opt.) would there be; ātmanā (m. inst. sg.) through oneself; hi (metrical filler); su-dāntena (m. inst. sg.) through training well; svargam (m. acc. sg.) heaven; labhati (3rd. sg. pres.) obtains; paṇḍitaḥ (m. nom. sg.) the wise one.
[494]
[rh.q.]
Ātmā tv ihātmano nāthaḥ, ko nu nāthaḥ paro bhavet?
The self is the protector of self here, for who else could be a protector?
Ātmanā hi sudāntena, ciraṁ svargeṣu modate. 23.18
Through training oneself well, he rejoices in the heavens for a long time.
Ātmā (m. nom. sg.) the self; tv (separator); iha (indec.) here; ātmanaḥ (m. gen. sg.) of oneself; nāthaḥ (m. nom. sg.) protector; kaḥ (m. nom. sg. inter. pron.) who?; nu (indec.) indeed; nāthaḥ (m. nom. sg.) protector; paraḥ (m. nom. sg.) other; bhavet (3rd. sg. opt.) would there be; ātmanā (m. inst. sg.) through oneself; hi (metrical filler); su-dāntena (m. inst. sg.) through training well; ciram (indec.) for a long time; svargeṣu (m. loc. pl.) in the heavens; modate (3rd. sg. pres.) rejoices.
[495]
[rh.q.]
Ātmā tv ihātmano nāthaḥ, ko nu nāthaḥ paro bhavet?
The self is the protector of self here, for who else could be a protector?
Ātmanā hi sudāntena, ciraṁ svarge pratiṣṭhati. 23.19
Through training oneself well, he is established in heaven for a long time.
Ātmā (m. nom. sg.) the self; tv (separator); iha (indec.) here; ātmanaḥ (m. gen. sg.) of oneself; nāthaḥ (m. nom. sg.) protector; kaḥ (m. nom. sg. inter. pron.) who?; nu (indec.) indeed; nāthaḥ (m. nom. sg.) protector; paraḥ (m. nom. sg.) other; bhavet (3rd. sg. opt.) would there be; ātmanā (m. inst. sg.) through oneself; hi (metrical filler); su-dāntena (m. inst. sg.) through training well; ciram (indec.) for a long time; svarge (m. loc. sg.) in heaven; pratiṣṭhati (3rd. sg. pres.) is established; paṇḍitaḥ (m. nom. sg.) the wise one.
[496]
[rh.q.]
Ātmā tv ihātmano nāthaḥ, ko nu nāthaḥ paro bhavet?
The self is the protector of self here, for who else could be a protector?
Ātmanā hi sudāntena, prajñāṁ labhati paṇḍitaḥ. 23.20
Through training oneself well, a wise one obtains wisdom.
Ātmā (m. nom. sg.) the self; tv (separator); iha (indec.) here; ātmanaḥ (m. gen. sg.) of oneself; nāthaḥ (m. nom. sg.) protector; kaḥ (m. nom. sg. inter. pron.) who?; nu (indec.) indeed; nāthaḥ (m. nom. sg.) protector; paraḥ (m. nom. sg.) other; bhavet (3rd. sg. opt.) would there be; ātmanā (m. inst. sg.) through oneself; hi (metrical filler); su-dāntena (m. inst. sg.) through training well; prajñām (f. acc. sg.) wisdom; labhati (3rd. sg. pres.) obtains; paṇḍitaḥ (m. nom. sg.) the wise one.
[497]
[rh.q.]
Ātmā tv ihātmano nāthaḥ, ko nu nāthaḥ paro bhavet,
The self is the protector of self here, for who else could be a protector?
Ātmanā hi sudāntena, jñātimadhye virocate. 23.21
Through training oneself well, one shines in the midst of one’s relatives.
Ātmā (m. nom. sg.) the self; tv (separator); iha (indec.) here; ātmanaḥ (m. gen. sg.) of oneself; nāthaḥ (m. nom. sg.) protector; kaḥ (m. nom. sg. inter. pron.) who?; nu (indec.) indeed; nāthaḥ (m. nom. sg.) protector; paraḥ (m. nom. sg.) other; bhavet (3rd. sg. opt.) would there be; ātmanā (m. inst. sg.) through oneself; hi (metrical filler); su-dāntena (m. inst. sg.) through training well; jñāti-madhye (m. loc. sg.) in the midst of relatives; virocate (3rd. sg. pres.) one shines.
[498]
[rh.q.]
Ātmā tv ihātmano nāthaḥ, ko nu nāthaḥ paro bhavet?
The self is the protector of self here, for who else could be a protector?
Ātmanā hi sudāntena, śokamadhye na śocati. 23.22
Through training oneself well, one does not grieve in the midst of grief.
Ātmā (m. nom. sg.) the self; tv (separator); iha (indec.) here; ātmanaḥ (m. gen. sg.) of oneself; nāthaḥ (m. nom. sg.) protector; kaḥ (m. nom. sg. inter. pron.) who?; nu (indec.) indeed; nāthaḥ (m. nom. sg.) protector; paraḥ (m. nom. sg.) other; bhavet (3rd. sg. opt.) would there be; ātmanā (m. inst. sg.) through oneself; hi (metrical filler); su-dāntena (m. inst. sg.) through training well; śoka-madhye (m. loc. sg.) in the midst of grief; na (indec.) not; śocati (3rd. sg. pres.) one grieves.
[499]
[rh.q.]
Ātmā tv ihātmano nāthaḥ, ko nu nāthaḥ paro bhavet?
The self is the protector of self here, for who else could be a protector?
Ātmanā hi sudāntena, sarvaṁ chindati bandhanam. 23.23
Through training oneself well, one cuts all the bonds.
Ātmā (m. nom. sg.) the self; tv (separator); iha (indec.) here; ātmanaḥ (m. gen. sg.) of oneself; nāthaḥ (m. nom. sg.) protector; kaḥ (m. nom. sg. inter. pron.) who?; nu (indec.) indeed; nāthaḥ (m. nom. sg.) protector; paraḥ (m. nom. sg.) other; bhavet (3rd. sg. opt.) would there be; ātmanā (m. inst. sg.) through oneself; hi (metrical filler); su-dāntena (m. inst. sg.) through training well; sarvam (n. acc. sg.) all; chindati (3rd. sg. pres.) cuts; bandhanam (n. acc. coll. sg.) bonds.
[500]
[rh.q.]
Ātmā tv ihātmano nāthaḥ, ko nu nāthaḥ paro bhavet?
The self is the protector of self here, for who else could be a protector?
Ātmanā hi sudāntena, sarvās tyajati durgatīḥ. 23.24
Through training oneself well, one gives up all bad destinations.
Ātmā (m. nom. sg.) the self; tv (separator); iha (indec.) here; ātmanaḥ (m. gen. sg.) of oneself; nāthaḥ (m. nom. sg.) protector; kaḥ (m. nom. sg. inter. pron.) who?; nu (indec.) indeed; nāthaḥ (m. nom. sg.) protector; paraḥ (m. nom. sg.) other; bhavet (3rd. sg. opt.) would there be; ātmanā (m. inst. sg.) through oneself; hi (metrical filler); su-dāntena (m. inst. sg.) through training well; sarvāḥ (f. acc. pl.) all; tyajati (3rd. sg. pres.) gives up; dur-gatīḥ (f. acc. pl.) bad destinations.
[501]
[rh.q.]
Ātmā tv ihātmano nāthaḥ, ko nu nāthaḥ paro bhavet?
The self is the protector of self here, for who else could be a protector?
Ātmanā hi sudāntena, sarvaduḥkhāt pramucyate. 23.25
Through training oneself well, one is freed from all suffering.
Ātmā (m. nom. sg.) the self; tv (separator); iha (indec.) here; ātmanaḥ (m. gen. sg.) of oneself; nāthaḥ (m. nom. sg.) protector; kaḥ (m. nom. sg. inter. pron.) who?; nu (indec.) indeed; nāthaḥ (m. nom. sg.) protector; paraḥ (m. nom. sg.) other; bhavet (3rd. sg. opt.) would there be; ātmanā (m. inst. sg.) through oneself; hi (metrical filler); su-dāntena (m. inst. sg.) through training well; sarva-duḥkhāt (n. abl. coll. sg.) from all suffering; pramucyate (3rd. sg. pres. pass.) is freed.
[502]
[rh.q.]
Ātmā tv ihātmano nāthaḥ, ko nu nāthaḥ paro bhavet?
The self is the protector of self here, for who else could be a protector?
Ātmanā hi sudāntena, Nirvāṇasyaiva so ’ntike. 23.26
Through training oneself well, that one is indeed in the presence of Nirvāṇa.
Ātmā (m. nom. sg.) the self; tv (separator); iha (indec.) here; ātmanaḥ (m. gen. sg.) of oneself; nāthaḥ (m. nom. sg.) protector; kaḥ (m. nom. sg. inter. pron.) who?; nu (indec.) indeed; nāthaḥ (m. nom. sg.) protector; paraḥ (m. nom. sg.) other; bhavet (3rd. sg. opt.) would there be; ātmanā (m. inst. sg.) through oneself; hi (metrical filler); su-dāntena (m. inst. sg.) through training well; Nirvāṇasya (n. gen. sg.) of Nirvāṇa; eva (indec.) indeed; saḥ (m. nom. sg. dem. pron.) that one; antike (n. loc. sg.) in the presence.
Ātmavargaḥ, 23
The Chapter about the Self, the Twenty-Third